While doing adsorption for a particular anion I observed that when i made the solution in river water adsorption was decreased while it increases so high when i used Lake water (here I used adsorption in deionised water as the milestone). When i checked the zeta potential values of these two natural water bodies I found that it is greatly negative in river water, while positive in Lake water. So is it possible to explain the observation by zeta potential values of the surface water resources?
I do not see myself as an expert on Zeta potential, but I can't see how the "water" part of river or lake water can have Zeta potential.
Nevertheless, Zeta potential can be influenced by pH, or salts and particles in the water. Did you filter the water you are using? Test pH?
The Z factor is variable when the rainy season (in our South American countries) is intense, as well as in the dry season. With intense rains, the turbulence of river waters increases, dragging a large amount of solids, which dramatically increases conductivity and, in turn, turbidity.
- In the dry season, due to the low levels, turbidity and high organic matter occur, affecting the Z factor. Of course, this can be controlled with devices or instruments that are sensing this parameter and using actuators to carry out the necessary dosages of flocculants
Omar Tirado Muñoz, what about simple filtration of the water? such as through Whatman 1 filter?
Well, the water from rivers is considered lotic systems and the water from lakes is considered lentic. This means that in rivers turbulence is a factor that affects the Z factor due to the amount of suspended and dissolved solids it carries.
In lakes and lagoons, the velocities are almost zero so their waters are decanted and with few suspended solids and this benefits the Z factor.
Thanks. Chanchal Das I think Omar Tirado Muñoz answered your question, Lotic vs Lentic...
If you want to remove the suspended particles effect you can try pre-filtration
I suggest that you consult the world-renowned treatise on the subject of water analysis, "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. The 24th edition of this treatise was released on 13 January 2023. You can access this book from a library, or consult the following address for electronic version.
https://www.awwa.org/Publications/Standard-Methods
I also suggest , the following article:
Kumar et al 2016. Water quality monitoring: A comparative case study of municipal and Curtin Sarawak's Lake samples. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 121: 012019 (2016).
I have enclosed the Abstract for your benefit. I am not enclosing the whole article because I do not want to violate copyright regulations. You can consult the corresponding author at: [email protected]
"Abstract. In this study, particle size distribution and zeta potential of the suspended particles in municipal water and lake surface water of Curtin Sarawak’s lake were compared and the samples were analysed using dynamic light scattering method. High concentration of suspended particles affects the water quality as well as suppresses the aquatic photosynthetic systems. A new approach has been carried out in the current work to determine the particle size distribution and zeta potential of the suspended particles present in the water samples. The results for the lake samples showed that the particle size ranges from 180nm to 1345nm and the zeta potential values ranges from -8.58 mV to -26.1 mV. High zeta potential value was observed in the surface water samples of Curtin Sarawak’s lake compared to the municipal water. The zeta potential values represent that the suspended particles are stable and chances of agglomeration is lower in lake water samples. Moreover, the effects of physico-chemical parameters on zeta potential of the water samples were also discussed."
Hope the information is useful to you.
All the best to you in your research endeavors and strides.
Thank you so much Omar sir and Yoram sir for your valuable suggestions...
Hi Chanchal Das
yes, river / lake water (or more specifically, the particles in the water) can have a zeta potential. This is used by some municipal water companies to optimize the water treatment process, to find the best conditions to clarify drinking water. You may find this poster of interest : Poster Relating Zeta Potential to Jar Testing: A Comparison of Two ...
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