Is rhere any research or case study on troubles affecting business performance when foreign incoming company has organizational culture inconsistent or very different from the national culture in host country?
There is plenty academic and practitioners-oriented papers on that topic. Enclosed please find examples how German and Japanese companies cope with specific problem of national culture in China.
National Culture refers to the values and beliefs that people hold and act upon while the Organizational Culture deals with the practices that are promoted and reinforced in the organization.
Based on the research of Dr. Geert Hofstede, there are differences between national and organizational cultures. For global companies, it is important to understand both in order to impact organizational performance.
National culture relates to our deeply held values regarding, for example, good vs. evil, normal vs. abnormal, safe vs. dangerous, and rational vs. irrational. National cultural values are learned early, held deeply and change slowly over the course of generations.
Organizational culture, on the other hand, is comprised of broad guidelines which are rooted in organizational practices learned on the job.
National culture relates to deeply held values by someone regarding, for example, good vs. evil, normal vs. abnormal, safe vs. dangerous, and rational vs. irrational. National cultural values are learned early, held deeply and change slowly over the course of generations.
Organizational culture, on the other hand, is comprised of broad guidelines which are rooted in organizational practices learned on the job.
It can also depend on the industry, the character of the business/job etc. In aviation, for example, professional culture is also a very important variable to build a positive safety culture. Today in many international network carriers have pilots from all over the world. They have different backgrounds, religions, attitudes etc. But at the same time, they need to act in the same professional and organizational climate. Therefore, in this case, professional and organizational culture might be (or should be) very different from the national culture of pilots. Obviously, there is a strong need to build a good mixture of positive sides of these culture dimensions.
With globalization and inter-connectivity, there seems to be more tolerance for multiculturalism between the community and multinational enterprises. However, religious intolerance seems to be on the rise again.