It is a very simple equation: If there is no rain, then there is no water and life will disappear. No one can imagine how will the earth will be with no rainfall.

I am sure that we must return to Allah (Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala.); we have made many mistakes.

The demand for water is expected to increase by nearly a third by 2050 as the global population grows.

In the context of climate change and strong water demand from intensive agriculture, drought is considered the abiotic stress that most severely affects crop productivity (Comas et al, 2013; FAO, 2016). By 2025, two-thirds of the world population will predictively live in areas of water shortage according to FAO (2007). Considering that 80% of the available freshwater resources are currently consumed by agriculture, the improvement of the water use efficiency (WUE) remains essential for establishing a balance between agriculture and water resources (Condon et al. 2004, Flexas et al, 2016).

So, water shortage will be a problem, and of course, is now a problem. More efficient plants in terms of water management are required to face that issue.

Our research group proposed and demonstrated that Cl- plays a biological role in controlling development, changing leaf anatomy & improving plant water relations when accumulated as a macronutrient. We proposed Cl- to be a beneficial macronutrient (Franco-Navarro et al. 2016; 10.1093/jxb/erv502). We demonstrated that Cl- as a macronutrient has an impact in leaf mesophyll anatomy, chloroplast biogenesis, and finally changing mesophyll conductance to CO2 (gm) (Franco-Navarro et al., 2019; 10.1111/tpj.14423). Moreover, we have just published a paper that reports a strong relation between Cl- nutrition as a macronutrient and an increase in NUE (Rosales et al., 2020; 10.3389/fpls.2020.00442 - soon Will be online-). All those new concepts are reviewed in (Colmenero-Flores et al., 2019; 10.3390/ijms20194686).

Great discussion!

Kind regards

yes

Yes, Most of the points discussed are agreed upon. Several studies and reports says that water scarcity is there now and more people is going to face the same. Percentage and numbers may be varying, but water scarcity is going to be the reality. It may be varying from region to region depending upon the climate variability. As suggested, there should be a proper policy guidance, suggestions for implementations by considering the pros and cons of all the stakeholders.

Surendran Udayar Pillai

I think we agree on the vision. Do you think that a rational use of irrigation will be a solution?

J.D. Franco-Navarro

Dear Sir

thank you for your serious analysis. given that agriculture consumes a lot of water, can we think of an agriculture consuming less water?

Omar Ali Al-Khashman

it's true the population is increasing and consumption is increasing. should we decrease the population? or find other solutions?

Interesting anticipation

Hello dear all

I have a lot of articles on the subject. you can download them for free, or recommend them (if you're interested). Thank you for your very interesting answers.

Yes Dr A Kettab, Definitely, rational use of Irrigation will be a solution. But it should be holistic in nature by considering all the parameters. Practicing micro irrigation (Drip / Sprinkler) is an appropriate solution for improving the crop and water productivity per hectare use. However in the case of drip our research results showed that it needs to be adopted along with fertigation, then only it will be more effective. Besides, irrigation as per crop water requirement with scientific irrigation scheduling will be an ideal choice.

yes Dr.A kettab ,By the year 2050 1in5 developing countries will face water shortages (UN sFood and Agriculture Organization

Dear Dr. A. Kettab , i agree with you for your valuable contribution.

Antoine Saint-GyoЖgy: Life was born in water, developed in water, water is its solvent and medium. It is the matrix of life.

Zagir Ataev

oui, vous avez raison. l'eau est source de la vie

Omar Ali Al-Khashman

Thanks you.

Faten Mula Abed

Yes. There can be no sustainable development without water.

Alaa Fadhil

water stress will be very significant in 2050. sustainable development without water will be compromised for many countries.

Surendran Udayar Pillai

Of course, yes for irrigation with fertilization. What do you think, localized drip irrigation. An irrigation consuming much less water?

I have a lot of articles on irrigation. I also have a book on reuse of wastewater for agriculture. you can download and recommend them (if you want and are interested). Thank you so much

Water is the main key to sustainable development but its scarcity and insufficiency represent important challenges to be met, and especially with the climate change that affects several countries in general and the MENA region (Middle East and North Africa ) in particular. Climate change poses a threat to water resources from where the world must prepare voluntarily with good management skills and perfect organization, and to relaunch rational planning to meet the water needs of current generations and think of preserve this precious resource for future generations.

We must now start to see how to save water.

I'm sorry but I forgot to link my answer to my Ph. D. research. Going back to my last phrase: So, water shortage will be a problem, and of course, is now a problem. More efficient plants in terms of water management are required to face that issue.

Our group, Miguel Rosales , Jose M. Colmenero , Procopio Peinado-Torrubia , Pablo Díaz , Paloma Cubero-Font) proposed and demonstrated that Cl- plays a biological role in controlling development, changing leaf anatomy & improving plant water relations when accumulated as a macronutrient. We proposed Cl- to be a beneficial macronutrient (Franco-Navarro et al. 2016; 10.1093/jxb/erv502). We demonstrated that Cl- as a macronutrient has an impact in leaf mesophyll anatomy, chloroplast biogenesis, and finally changing mesophyll conductance to CO2 (gm) (Franco-Navarro et al., 2019; 10.1111/tpj.14423). Moreover, we have just published a paper that reports a strong relation between Cl- nutrition as a macronutrient and an increase in NUE (Rosales et al., 2020; 10.3389/fpls.2020.00442 - soon Will be online-). All those new concepts are reviewed in (Colmenero-Flores et al., 2019; 10.3390/ijms20194686).

Thank you!

Hello

Thank you for all those informations.

I find your hard work interesting and useful.

we should cooperate and exchange more.

Thanks you

The world's fresh water supply is likely to be sufficient to meet the basic needs of the world's population, which will reach 9 billion by 2050. Meanwhile, continued overconsumption and the impact of climate change can reduce the availability of water resources for the most needy regions of the planet.

Governments of the world, as well as public and private capital, should be encouraged to ensure sustainable production of cereals, cattle and fish products in a way that does not jeopardize the future of water resources. Without such measures, it will become increasingly difficult to achieve poverty reduction, income growth and food security in many developing countries.

According to FAO statistics, 60% more food will be needed to feed the world by 2050, and the efforts of the world's agro-industrial complex to ensure this growth put additional pressure on water resources. Agriculture is already the most water-intensive industry, and in many countries about two-thirds of the water supply from rivers, lakes and aquifers is used for agricultural purposes.

According to UNESCO, already in 2030, our planet will face a water deficit of 40% if the international community does not radically improve water management. Water demand is expected to increase by 55% by 2050, while 20% of the world's groundwater is already subject to overexploitation.

Until each of us on the planet becomes economical with fresh water supplies, it may not be enough for our children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren!

Zagir Ataev

Thank you for all those informations. you are absolutely right. we must mobilize ourselves to better explain the future crisis. the countries most affected are those that are already under water stress. there are at least twenty countries, all of which are from the South.

If you mean clean water, it will probably not enough even ahead of that time.

Globally, the higher proportion of water consumption (to the tune of 70-80% in the developing countries) for agriculture is reported to be the critical challenge, when it comes to water security. While countries have been trying to address this issue by shifting towards water saving technologies, especially, sprinkler and drip irrigation systems, several studies indicate that farmers tend to expand the coverage of area with the availability of the new technologies. Hence, the 'social goals' of these technologies are put to test!!..

On the other hand, it is also quite upsetting to see that almost half of the arable lands are drought-prone (in countries, such as India) and solely depend on rainfed farming. With increasing food insecurity challenges on the one side, coincided with water security issues posed by changing climates, we are very much closer to a catastrophe, which, if not adequately addressed, will perhaps turn out to be the most tragic event that the entire world will have to witness in the near future!!!

Oui @viswanathan

C'est vrai, il y a beaucoup de terre arable.

C'est vrai aussi qu'il y a beaucoup d'eau. Le problème c'est là où il y des terres arables...il n'y a pas d'eau.

Le génie de l'homme doit trouver les solutions.

Oui je d'accord avec vous: nous sommes proche d'une catastrophe.

Téléchargez mes articles..et vous verrez.

Dear Prof. A. Kettab , thanks for your response, but, I could not understand it, as the language is different..

Bonjour

Faite une traduction automatique Français- Anglais..... ou Français-....

Ce que je fais en général : Anglais- Français

Téléchargez mes publications en Anglais

Thank you Prof. A. Kettab . I would read your papers certainly. Also copying here some of the publications based on my work in India:

Viswanathan, P.K., Bahinipati, C., (2015): ‘Exploring the Socio-Economic Impacts of Micro-Irrigation System (MIS): A Case Study of Public Tube wells in Gujarat, Western India’, South Asia Water Studies Journal, 5 (1):1-25, http://www.sawasjournal.org/download/427/

P.K. Viswanathan, M. Dinesh Kumar and A. Narayanamoorthy (Eds.) (2016): Micro Irrigation Systems in India: Emergence, Status and Impacts, Springer Science + Business Media, Singapore, pages: xiv+178. http://www.springer.com/in/book/9789811003462

C.S. Bahinipati and P.K. Viswanathan (2019): ‘Incentivizing resource efficient technologies in India: Evidence from diffusion of micro-irrigation in the dark zone regions of Gujarat’, Land Use Policy, 86 (July 2019) 253–260 (ABDC – A Category, Five Year Impact Factor 3.662); SJR-1.406, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0264837718318465

C.S. Bahinipati and P.K. Viswanathan (2019): Can Micro-Irrigation Technologies Resolve India’s Groundwater Crisis? Reflections from Dark-Regions in Gujarat, International Journal of the Commons, 13(2), pp. 848–858. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/ijc.888

Merci beaucoup.

Je vais regarder vos publications

Cordialement

Thank you Prof A. Kettab Kindly share the links to your publications as well..

La majorité de mes publications et travaux sont dans researchgate. Environ 55%.

Les autres documents ne sont pas en version numérique.

Dans ce site par exemple vous avez 14 publications avec impact factor:

www.deswater.com

Thank you Dr. @Viswanathan PK

If you are talking about water, then, yes, there is enough water for everyone for 2050. because there is effectively zero (0) loss and gain in global water balance. only the water is transformed from one state to another. If you are talking about freshwater resources, then by looking and analyzing the present scenario, then we are heading towards the shortage of "freshwater" resources stored in aquifers, glaciers, rivers, lakes, etc. These may not be in their natural state by that time. But, there is also a probability that there will be cost-effective desalination plant for converting sea (saline) water into fresh.

Yeah,because it’s a circle in the world

12 May MMXX

I think one day the Siberians will sell water to water-starved California.

ASJ

Merci Avinash. Thank you

Viswanathan PK

Vous aviez sur researchgate mes publications.

Vous pouvez télécharger mes livres gratuitement.

Mes articles sont gratuits.

Vous pouvez aussi les recommander.

Merci.

Thank you Prof. A. Kettab

Merci Ihab. Thank you.

L'eau devrait être un bien commun à se partager?

Bonjour Mr Kettab

C'est l’idéal, mais je ne pense pas. L'homme n'a pas encore atteint ce niveau. Il suffit de voir ce qui se passe autour de nous. Rien que des conflits et des conflits et des guerres.

Boualem

Effectivement, l'eau est source de conflits et de guerres.

Peut-être un jour l'eau sera source de paix.

Water is indeed a source of conflicts and wars.

Perhaps one day water will be a source of peace.

Yes , we have to conserve this Natural resource, water is depleting every year from the ground level. Water scarcity is increasing around the world and particularly the problem of water availability is expected to be higher in arid and semiarid regions. Central Ground Water Board of India (2005) estimated that only 162 billion cubic meters (BCM) per year of groundwater is available for future irrigation. At the current level of water consumption for agriculture many states will go thirsty,

thus leading to sustainability of crops under question. Hence, the situation offers solution in water scarcity only through judicious use by making paradigm shift irrigating the agricultural crops at critical stages of crop growth, use of drip irrigation system etc.

Thank you Dr.Chandra

If the global warming process will accelerate in the following years, similarly to the last several years, the scale of weather anomalies and climatic disasters will increase significantly, including the scale and frequency of drought in arable fields, forest fires and also the drying of surface water reservoirs, water in rivers, subcutaneous waters, etc., rainfall can be significantly reduced, and therefore in 2050 water shortages will appear in many places around the world.

Greetings,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

DEAR Dariusz Prokopowicz

Thank you for contribution

Fresh water (accessible to "man) is very inadequate in 2050. The world population will reach 10 billion by 2050. In this case, we must fall back on the desalination of sea water. I do not believe in the water war.

In 2020, many countries are already doing desalination. In 2050, there will be significant water stress. Many countries, which have the sea, will go towards desalination of water. technology will advance, and the price will go down? but to desalt seawater, you have to have the sea?

May be!

THANK YOU DEAR Eman Riyadh Adeeb

Access to quality clean water resources may be problematic!

Yes, but we have tokeep it clean. Water can not leave the earth; in consequence, we are drinking the same water that the dinosaurs drack. On the otherhand, the total population of the World could (I don't know the figures here) continue exceed the total amount available for the moment. One should not forget that the bedrock of the earth is an untapped (as far as I know) resource of water.

Lou

It will be a problem unless we change our priorities from making weapons into purifying water for all humans. The UN needs to pass the message to all countries.

The number of countries that have the sea is much higher than the countries without the sea. For example, in Africa, 2/3 African countries have a border with the sea.

Given the increasing water insecurity challenges surfacing the world, efforts are required from every country to develop multiple strategies and action programmes (through water protection and conservation measures) to augment and protect the existing water resources. Achieving water security should be kept as the most important development priority by each and every nation.

I think in future the problem of water shortage will emerge greatly, especially in the countries of the Middle East. The problem of water shortage will emerge greatly, especially in the countries of the Middle East due to the increase in the number of people and the lack of rain water and the apparent change in climate.

Following

Thank you Dear https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Viswanathan_K

Dear Omar

Thank you for you contribution.

Yes but we have to conserve water resources because global water demand is increasing day by day. The main reason for the growth in demand for water is because of population growth. This is not only as a result of increased agriculture and industrial demands but also through domestic demand.

Thank you Dear Anjali.

Thank You Professor REMINI for tour contribution.

The next war will be on water not oil !

Regards

Yes, there is enough water for 2050

1 June MMXX

Is California going to buy, eventually, water from Siberia?

Cordially...

ASJ

Thank you Dear Mourad

Thank you Sadiq

Thank you Dear Anthony.

Dear All. Thank you for your feedback.

dear Mourad. hope there will be no war in the future.

We have 70% of our planet is water, So, I think that we must think to develop more procedures of treatment of water with a low price, so all countries could be able to use marine water.

Not enough and not in good quality.

I think yes

Please Go To This Link :

https://www.smartcitiesworld.net/news/news/how-do-we-ensure-enough-water-in-2050-3994

There is likely to be insufficient water in the world by 2050, due to periods of drought and also to global warming.

Thank you Dear Maoune for your comments

Dear Smaoune.

Can the climate change problem be positive for some and negative for others?

good current management of water resources will have these consequences worldwide in the year 2050 and more.

An estimated study will have to be done for each country. and in the country, for each region of the country.

Dear Serdar Kalemci

Thank you for your answer

Due to global warming people have to face the problem of insufficient water.

A nice reading: https://www.smartcitiesworld.net/news/news/how-do-we-ensure-enough-water-in-2050-3994

It depends mainly on two factors: 1. The pace of the global warming process. 2. Implementation of eco-innovative technologies increasing the scale of water saving, sea water desalination, rainwater collection, etc.

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Let's see what will be population after COVID 19 then we estimate as experts are copier with help of computer , no more novel as expected. So I don't think we should consider the views of so called recent expert

Dear GVP Samaranayake

Thank you for your comment

Dear Remi Chukwudi Okeke

Thank you for your comment

Dear Sule Akkoyunlu

Thank you for website

Dear Dariusz Prokopowicz

Thank you for your answer and comments

Dear Anjay kumar Mishra

Thank you for your answer

Dear All.

Thank you for your support ; support and recommendations.

Best regards.

Already have started water scarcity in different arena especial in India at Chennai, global leaded should have to pay heed in this matter right now.