Planetary interiors have pressure and temperature far different from surface, and both physics and chemistry takes unexpected turns on this region. Is there any good textbook or overview article on this topic, so that I can work on High-energy environment ceramics and hypothetical forms of biochemistry?
Dear Sumit,
I think yes it is there. For reference I am quoting site. Excellent approached was forwarded to take intense study in USA.
Please go through the article site given below. Some of the points I am highlighting for your concern. This may be little helpful to you.
Article High-pressure chemistry of hydrocarbons relevant to planetar...
Particularly inside the giant planets of our solar system, several chemical processes are predicted to significantly influence the evolution and internal structure of these celestial bodies. One famous example is the transition from molecular hydrogen to metallic hydrogen, which may also be accompanied by hydrogen-helium de-mixing and subsequent helium precipitation inside Saturn. States of matter constitute the deep interiors of most planets in our solar system3 and a steadily increasing number of extrasolar planets.
Some experimental investigation- This work was performed at the Matter at Extreme Conditions (MEC) instrument of LCLS, supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, which provided for structural and chemical characterization.
The high-pressure and high-temperature environment may also result in chemical activity: methane is predicted to first dissociate and form polymeric hydrocarbon chains before deeper towards the planet interior core, a full species separation into metallic hydrogen and carbon in the form of diamond may occur. These diamond particles have a higher density than the surrounding ice fluid, and thus, the isolated carbon will precipitate towards the rocky core. Depending on the temperature at the boundary of the rocky core and the ice layer, either a layer of solid diamond or liquid carbon will form. Another possible precipitation process inside Neptune or Uranus may be the formation of ammonia hemihydrate (H2O)(NH3)2 compounds that are predicted to remain stable up to 500 GPa
Solid samples of hydrocarbons are convenient initial materials to mimic the ice mixtures of icy giant planets in the laboratory. While methane is present in the atmospheres of these planets, longer hydrocarbon chains are expected to form in the ice layers. The samples are compressed and heated using the pulsed high-energy drive laser available at MEC (15 J–32 J pulse energy in 10 ns pulses focused to spot sizes of 150 μm–250 μm in diameter). Within a few picoseconds, the target surface is transferred into a rapidly expanding plasma state, which in turn drives a shock-compression wave into the cold material behind the ablation front. In order to mimic planetary interiors, the sample can be compressed in two stages. This reduces the entropy increase in the overall compression process and thus the induced heat. For example, polystyrene will reach temperatures much higher than inside most planetary interiors when compressing to pressures above 100 GPa with a single shock. In our experiment, we used polystyrene samples with a thickness of 83.4 μm.
Finally, as the free hydrogen created by the carbon-hydrogen separation around 150 GPa and 5000 K is expected to be metallic, the experimental platform described may also provide opportunities for further studies of this exotic state of matter that is thought to shape the magnetic fields of giant planets.
Hope it work out for you.
Ashish
- Badges
- Science topic
- Similar topics
- Chemistry
- Sulfites
- Inorganic Chemistry