Angelika, I research chronic pain from a spiritual perspective. I have an article in my PDF library titled "Instruments for assessing pain in persons with severe dementia" by Carezzato et al. (Dement Neuropsychol 2014 June;8(2):99-106) available at http://www.scielo.br/pdf/dn/v8n2/1980-5764-dn-08-02-00099.pdf. On page 100 they discuss the instrument "PAINAD,20,23,38,42 original in English,15 translated into version in Dutch,22 German,28 Chinese,37 Ital- ian29 and Portuguese from Portugal;"