There seems to be a lively discussion in the internet about this. Can anyone refer me to a scientific publication that discusses both sides of the story?
Thanks.
chemical reaction
noun
a process that involves rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance, as distinct from a change in physical form or a nuclear reaction.
Therefore solvation is a chemical reaction if the compound undergoes any change in molecular or ionic structure, which most compounds do. Try Atkins physical chemistry as reference.
This is a physicochemical process consisting of two partial reactions.
!: The liberation of kations and anions from the salt crystal which is alway endothermic.
2. The addition of water molecules to the released ions (formation of the hydrating nozzle). This partial reaction is always exothermic.
Of course, both partial reactions naturally proceed in parallel.
Whether the dissolution of a salt is carried out endothermically or exothermatically depends on which of the two energies is greater.
For chemists and advanced students of chemistry, this should be basc knowledge. .In my case, the chemistry studies have been a few years back, of course. It is therefore difficult for me to recall relevant publications. But if you need some literature on this topic, I can recommend my old textbook:
E. A. Moelwyne-Hughes "Physical Chemistry" (1965).
If you prefer primary literature, I recommend looking for old publications by Manfred Eigen from the middle of the last century. Manfred Eigen (Nobel laureate for chemistry 1967) worked in this field in the middle of the last century and was one of my very best teachers for physical chemistry.
Good luck!
Many thanks to you all! Vielen Dank für die Buchleihgabe, Herr Voigt!
Ionization is regarded as chemical reaction since electronic configurations are changed. An equilibrium can be achieved with saturated salt in water when the reverse reaction occurs.
It really doesn't matter what you call it. A chemist will call it chemistry and a physicist will call it physics. When you get down to the basics all chemistry is physics. Chemistry is just what we call it when we are looking at it on a macroscopic scale. Just like all biology is chemistry when we get down to the fundamentals and that chemistry reduces to physics on a quantum scale.
It seems that almost everyone agrees. Let that express my a different view.
As a result of the chemical reaction we get a new chemical compound.
Thus, if the salt solution is a new compound with respect to salt? No.
Continuing, if the ion surrounded by water molecules (solvation shell) is a new compound? No.
Further, if such a structure can exist independently, outside of the solution? No
What happens if the water has evaporated? Will there be a new chemical compound? No.
According to the UPAC "solvation is an interaction of a solute with the solvent, which leads to stabilization of the solute species in the solution."
In summary, the solvation is not chemical reaction, and continued the dissolution of the salt is not a chemical reaction, but phase transition.
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