"Sustainable agriculture" and ecological agriculture" are two very popular terms for both government and non-government workers. Many people use them interchangeably thereby causing a lot of confusion. But are they synonymous?
In sustainable agriculture, agrochemicals (fertilizers and pesticides) are often used in a limit that has no disruptive effect on the soil and the environment. Ecological agriculture on the other hand side avoids the use of agrochemicals. In fact, sustainable agriculture is a broad term that also include ecological agriculture.
Great question . Sustainable agriculture has to address ecological issues , otherwise it wont be sustainable. Probably , sustainable agriculture and ecological agriculture compliment each other so well. ..
Since sustainable agriculture is the practice of farming using principles of ecology, ecological agriculture can be taken as a part of sustainable agriculture.
Well, it makes sense. Sustainable agriculture targets the objective of ecology conservation, keeping the environment in the center of the framework. Also, ecological agriculture, obviously and truly, aims at the sustainable vision of farming with nature conservation. In this regards, Sustainable agriculture and ecological agriculture is taken as a similar concept.
Sincerely,
Saugat Khanal
Let it be any form of agriculture, it won't be having any application , unless it offers an element of sustainability alongside economic feasibility...
I agree with Endashaw Workie . Since sustainable agriculture is the practice of farming using principles of ecology, ecological agriculture can be taken as a part of sustainable agriculture.
The method of sustainable agriculture follows the canons of ecological farming as the ecological balance must be maintained in the sustainable agriculture. So, if you use both the terms as synonymous, it will not be a serious mistake.
Ecological agriculture can be taken as a subset of sustainable agriculture
Ecological agriculture (agroecology) is a scientific, alternative approach to agriculture, which is productive and regenerative. It does not exhaust the resource base, needed to maintain food productivity. It builds on the resource-conserving aspects of traditional, local, and small-scale agriculture, while drawing on modern ecological knowledge and methods. Sustainable agriculture (SA) has a lt in common with agroecology (ecological agriculture) however, themes such as food sovereignty, traditional knowledge of farming and more topics related to sociology and cultural anthropology are not included in SA. Sustainable agriculture remains more focused on techniques and technologies of growing food without jeopardizing future generations to be able to do the same. Despite this difference, as many have already pointed out, the two terms are often used as synonyms.
Not at all. Ecological belong to the environmental pillar, then it is "just" part of Sustainability, which covers environmental (ecological), social, economic, and even Institutional sustainability.
- Sustainable agriculture would be one that guarantees world food security and at the same time promotes healthy ecosystems and supports the sustainable management of land, water and natural resources.
- Agroecology is a scientific discipline, a set of practices and a social movement. As a science, study how the different components of the agroecosystem interact. As a set of practices, look for sustainable farming systems that optimize and stabilize production. As a social movement, it pursues multifunctional roles for agriculture, promotes social justice, nurtures identity and culture, and reinforces the economic viability of rural areas.
Sustainable agriculture is a type of agriculture that focuses on producing long-term crops and livestock while having minimal effects on the environment. ... Sustainable agriculture also focuses on maintaining economic stability of farms and helping farmers improve their techniques and quality of life.
https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-sustainable-agriculture-definition-benefits-and-issues.html
Ecological agriculture means growing food in diverse systems that are 100% organic (chemical free) and which do not use monocultures. The practice of ecological agriculture involves building the strengths of natural ecosystems into agroecosystems, purposely disturbed to ...
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228742092_Ecological_agriculture_Principles_practices_and_constraints
https://permacultureghana.wordpress.com/ecological-agriculture/
In sustainable agriculture, agrochemicals (fertilizers and pesticides) are often used in a limit that has no disruptive effect on the soil and the environment. Ecological agriculture on the other hand side avoids the use of agrochemicals. In fact, sustainable agriculture is a broad term that also include ecological agriculture.
Sustainability includes ecological sustainability, economic sustainability, technical feasibility and sustainability. ecology is inclusive in sustainability.
Sustainable agriculture is rooted on the principles of ecological agriculture together with the social, technical, economic, and political aspects of agriculture.
Sustainable agriculture is farming in sustainable ways, which means meeting society's present food and textile needs, without compromising the ability for current or future generations to meet their needs. It can be based on an understanding of ecosystem services
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_agriculture
While
Ecological farming is recognised as the high-end objective among the proponents of sustainable agriculture. Ecological farming is not the same as organic farming, however there are many similarities and they are not necessarily incompatible.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_farming
Sustainable agriculture is farming in sustainable ways, which means meeting society's present food and textile needs, without compromising the ability for current or future generations to meet their needs. It can be based on an understanding of ecosystem services
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_agriculture
While
Ecological farming is recognised as the high-end objective among the proponents of sustainable agriculture. Ecological farming is not the same as organic farming, however there are many similarities and they are not necessarily incompatible.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_farming
I am not an Agricultural Researcher by discipline, but i do have an interest in it from a Food Security perspective. Hence i am enjoying the responses/discussion. Following.
I think they are not the same. In principle, organic farming is a form of production in harmony with the environment, where the economic efficiency component is not an important part of the equation. While sustainable production systems seek maximum economic efficiency with the least impact on the environment, knowing the basic operation of ecology to manage it based on the increase in productive efficiency.
Its perhaps more like a venn diagram of two partially overlapping circles.
By using interstitial crops and crop protection and by improving soil humus content, ecological methods can help prevent infiltration of nutrients in groundwater and surface waters and reduce the risk of soil erosion, minimizing the risks of water contamination.
https://agronomag.com/importance-ecological-farming/
A very good example of recycling in sustainable farming would be the crop waste or animal manure. The same can be transformed into fertilizers that can help enrich the soil. ... Collection of rainwater via channeling and then its utilization for irrigation is also a good example of sustainable farming practices.
https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/sustainable-farming-practices.php
Sustainable agriculture will maintain the cycles of input-output and ecosystem balance.also sustainable agriculture is the management and conservation of the natural resources.
Objective of ecological agriculture is bringing to match the crops, soil and climate of a region the ecology and farming and gaining from the economy and efficiency of inputs.
No, they are not same. 'Ecological agriculture' is synonymous to 'Organic farming', which is the form of agriculture in which off-farm inputs like chemicals, fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, artificial hormones, genetically modified crops etc. are totally avoided. The crops are grown by using natural sources of nutrients like vermicompost, farm yard manure, oilcakes, green manuring etc.
Whereas, 'Sustainable agriculture' is the system of farming in which crops are grown with minimum damage to the environment and soil fertility. It's motto is to protect soil, water, nutrients and climate without hampering the present productivity of the crops. Sustainable agriculture is more futuristic form of farming with it's goal to feed the current generation & protect the needs of future generations.
Thank you, Prof. Bruno Borsari , for your very enlightening insights on sustainable agriculture and ecological agriculture. I am sure many of the readers myself included have learned from you.---Luz
Sustainable agriculture is more of human-centric than ecological agriculture although both operate under similar concept of environmental concern. These terms are sometimes used interchangeably but sustainable agriculture has a more of broader implications. Ecological farming is also confused with organic agriculture but the two are different (contrary to what Arvind Singh has said above) although they share similarities in many aspects. One way or the other, the basic concept behind these terms is fulfilling human need while assuring our responsibility to conserve the planet.
The two concepts are not the same.
Sustainable agriculture is farming in sustainable ways, which means meeting society's present food and textile needs, without compromising the ability for current or future generations to meet their needs while Ecological agriculture means growing food in diverse systems that are 100% organic (chemical free) and which do not use monocultures.
A production system can be ecological but not necessarily sustainable.
It all depends who your audience is and how they look at these two issues. I agree with the statement about that sustainable agriculture need to address ecological issues. Thinking about systems in agriculture will help you keep ecological issues in mind like soil, air, water, animals, humans, and economics. See a good article link on this subject. https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/sustainable-agroecosystems-cropping-regenerative-agricultural/87402/?MvBriefArticleId=1849
We need to communicate it as a connection and not argue about terms and how to separate them out. That is when confusion sets in and brings divisions among the audience. The main point is we need to have these concepts incorporated into agriculture for present and future generations to have agriculture that is productive and environmentally sound for society.
Jodie Reisner I certainly agree with you that we do not need to argue about terms. Instead, we need to explain that the ultimate goal of any type of agriculture is sustained and increased food production without damaging the resource base. But still, I adhere to the belief that we have to define clearly these different but related concepts so that they will be better understood, appreciated, and practiced by the man behind the plow. Thank you very much for your thoughts.
Likita Tanko Thank you for sharing your idea about the topic. Would you care to explain a little further your statement that "a production system can be ecological but not necessarily sustainable."
@ Luz G. Also, Against the backdrop of increasing population, poor resource base coupled with the vagaries of climate change phenomenon ecological agriculture càn hardly be sustainable.
Please read further:
https://earth.org/is-organic-farming-truly-sustainable/
Ecological agriculture is the one that focus on the ecosystem/ecological conservation while sustainable agriculture is very broad term that also considers ecological agriculture. The latter includes the environment, the economy, and the geopolitical situations that required to assure it.
They are not sinonims. You can have for 1 year ecological agriculture but sustainable agriculture required ecological agrciculture to be applyed for many year Also "sustainability "means that this type of agriculture cannot be changed easily for one season and 1 year.
When I talked about systems I am referring to how a farmer puts together management decisions and how us as conservationists assist them in doing so. Example: soils, what are the inherent and dynamic properties we need to be aware of for planning conservation systems? Farm equipment and crop rotations that we would recommend based on location, soils, climate, social and market issues in the region. If we recommend reduced tillage and cover crops, what equipment changes will need to be made, how will cover crops fit into the farmers rotation based on planting and harvesting dates, accessibility to seed, equipment, labor, economics. Think as a whole system the farmer has to implement, if you ask the right questions, they will assist you in getting good information to help them. What water features are on the farm and is there any protective measures for improved water quality for potable and non-potable uses?
There should be no equal sign between the concepts of sustainable agriculture and ecological agriculture. Organic farming is part of one of the important elements that create sustainable agriculture, but only one of many. For agriculture to be developed and conducted in accordance with the formula and principles of sustainable development, for it to become sustainable agriculture, one of the important determinants that should be applied is organic farming. The basis of sustainable agriculture is organic farming and also the implementation of sustainable development principles into ancillary and agricultural-related services, i.e. e.g. in the use of renewable energy sources, waste sorting, recycling, wastewater treatment and the use of other pro-ecological solutions and technologies enabling the consumption of specific raw materials in the circular formula economy.
Greetings,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Dariusz Prokopowicz Thank you for contributing your excellent insights into the discussion concerning sustainable and ecological agriculture. The great thing about this exchange of ideas in RG is that we can discover unique and new ideas that generally are not found in textbooks and other references.--- Luz
Considero que puedes hacer agricultura orgánica y no ser sostenible, ya que la agricultura sostenible es una agricultura más ligada al medio ambiente que respeta los principios de la agroecología, lo que permite que perdure a través del tiempo
different but interrelated things, ecological agriculture greatly influences sustainable agriculture. that's the point i guess @Luz G. Asio
Actually both are very near but not same. It's like two parallel lined can meet in the infinity.
Sustainable agriculture does more focus on future demand. Means without killing the future possibilities if we can do then it is sustainable agriculture.
But the agriculture which thinks about the ecology not think about the future is, maybe unknowingly it does not hamper the future possibilities but the focus is not there.
Es lo mismo, solo es un problema de concepto de cada persona, pero dicha de una forma u otra se basan en los mismos principios de la agroecología
Rolando López Rivera Thank you for sharing your good idea about sustainable and ecological agriculture. It is nice to know that in this kind of platform researchers and scientists from all over the world have the opportunity to contribute their ideas which is vital to science. ----Luz
Ecological agriculture, in principle, feeds into sustainable agriculture. Agriculture as a human activity means well when it 'acknowledges', before action, the inherent complexity of relationships between one human being and the environment. 'Agroecology' is therefore challenged each day to, among others, checks its progress against the 'formulae' that "sustainable agriculture" espouses.
As a footnote, there is that suggestion that "sustainable agriculture" is a misnomer. Prof Dariusz Prokopowicz, do you agree?
Dear Luz, please se below my considerations.
According to FAO (United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization) and also the NCR (National Research Council) sustainable agriculture aims to achieve a food production system where the efficiency of the use of natural resources and the productivity of agricultural systems are maximum in this way allowing producers to respond to the demand demanded by population growth and also by economic development. Sustainable agriculture shows us the need to conserve soil, water, and all other resources in order not to degrade the environment and to be economically acceptable and viable. On the other hand, organic agriculture also goes hand in hand with the objectives of sustainable agriculture and is considered an aspect of sustainable agriculture. Organic farming is considered to be all production that adopts specific techniques to use the natural resources and economic partners that are available in each country, city, or state. It is also very important that the producer pay attention to the cultural integrity of rural communities with the objective of economic and ecological sustainability and also to use the minimum dependence on non-renewable energies and the non-use of pesticides or synthetic chemical compounds in order to protect the environment. The organic producer must pay attention to the laws or requirements of each country in the case of exports. The important thing that we work in order to teach and enable regular producers to change their planting method and thus to obtain greater added value to their products, for example, are family producers or small producers.
Dear Angelo Roberto Biasi ,
Thank you for your good insights concerning these two confusing terms of agriculture. I am sure your ideas will be very useful to a lot of RG members who are active participants in this discussion. ---Luz
I think organic agriculture is not sustainable. If organic agriculture is seen as producing in the open field without the use of certain pesticides for example, I think it is more an elite product (feel good / temporary solution). I think that sustainable agriculture should go in the direction of high tech, like greenhouses, but even more fully controlled growing areas where the need for products like pesticides is limited or non-existing (energy use is a big problem here at the moment in structures like this of course). The big problem, the way I see it, with organic agriculture, is the use of land. I think it would be better to cut land use and create more nature, instead of use more land to not use let's say pesticides. Probably not all products can be grown rentable inside like grains, potatoes, rice, corn, stuff like that, but for me sustainable agriculture is a co2 neutral factory that produces high quality healthy food at affordable prices. I think that is not the way people see organic agriculture. Organic agriculture is not sustainable when the world population continues growing the way it does now. Obviously, the volume produced per m2 can improve over time with organic agriculture, but it will always depend on weather conditions for example. I thnk that if the goal is to feed the world with healthy food, organic agriculture is not te solution.
Hello Robin Duran Good ideas, thank you for your contribution to this discussion. ---Luz
Vincent Bukenya and Saswatik Tripathy and Firdania Alda Elsadina
Thank you very much for the insightful inputs you have shared in this discussion. ---Luz
Sustainable agriculture may include ecological or environmental friendly agriculture and more importantly organic agriculture. It is the type of agricultural system that will sustain the environment for continuous production and sustainable leaving.
Indeed .. an interesting question .. I have a project I am working on in the sustainability of campus .. I emphasize on environmental sustainability..the sustainability of the exterior spaces of the university. Through afforestation of these spaces using local plants adapted to the environment of the country ... as well as using Eco-farming methods such as recycling, using resources such as water conservation, energy efficiency, etc.
Hello Sada Jasim
You have an interesting project. Thanks for your input to the discussion.-- Luz
Sustainable agriculture is a characteristic condition of agriculture, wherein the needs of the present generation are adequately provided without compromising the ability of agriculture to provide the needs of the future generation. To be able to attain that characteristic condition, sustainability of agriculture mainly concerns with whether the operator of the agriculture systems (farmers) continue to operate the systems and whether the resource base where agricultural systems rely on will continue to produce the desired level of production that can support the generation. For the farmers to continue the agricultural systems, they must be contented with their systems by getting their expected benefits from the systems. Otherwise, they will discontinue, thus, not sustainable. This is affected by several factors including the condition of the resource base and socioeconomic factors. At the same time, to be able to sustain the provision of the operator’s desired benefits; the resource base must not deteriorate but must be conserved, if not further enhanced. Ecological agriculture has been considered as a way of conserving if not enhancing the productive ability of the agricultural systems by taking advantage of the environment-organisms interactions within an agricultural ecology. It is farming in harmony with nature, using cultivation and breeding techniques that follows with laws of nature such as nutrient cycling, high biodiversity, without the use of artificial fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, and artificial genetic modifications. This way, it maintains the health of resource base, maximize production, low capital investment, and economically viable, making the agricultural systems operators happy and contented, and continue operating with the agricultural systems, thus, sustainable agriculture.
Jose Nestor Montealto Garcia Dear Dr. Garcia, thank you for your very comprehensive and informative insights on the difference or similarity of sustainable and ecological agriculture. Your input will no doubt contribute to a better understanding and appreciation of the said concepts.---Luz
Luz G. Asio
First of all, the sustainable agriculture is one of mode of agro-ecology science.
Because, as others researchers had mentioned, as the agro-ecology is the new model or science which carry on the sustainable production by maintaining the biosphere balance.
In this case, the sustainable agriculture as the bio-agriculture, the conservation agriculture, the bio-dynamic agriculture etc. as the modes or forms of the agro-ecology.
But the ecological agriculture is, at my point of view, as the confusion with the agro-ecology or the bio-agriculture. Therefore why we must respect the terminology for to avoid the confusion.
Alain Katayi Hello, Alain Katayi. Thank you for your insights; it is appreciated. ---Luz
Luz, let it be any form of aggriculture , it wont be called sustainable , unless it addresses the environmental conecrns, be it soil, water , air , livestock , consumers themselves...
The philosophy behind sustainable agriculture and ecological agriculture is very same...Both of these concepts focusing on manipulation of principle agricultural technologies so as to sustain the ecosystem..... sustainable agriculture itself as the name implies, termed as
implementation of agricultural technologies which would be able to sustain the ecology or ecosystem....means both of them works in the platform of optimum interaction between biotic and abiotic components...
Anoop Kumar Srivastava
Dear Sir,
Thank you so much for your insightful comment. I fully agree with you Sir that we have to consider the environmental and consumer aspects in order for agriculture to be sustainable. ---Luz
Sustainable agriculture is a system of crop production along with other other agri. based enterprises as per the need and quality of food products for the consumers/ dependent population.Its a broad concept which also includes principles of ecological conservation with minimum alteration of environment components of our earth atmosphere. Thus, sustainable agriculture as we say is ecological friendly and it take care environment protection. many of the principles of ecological farming are being practiced in the sustainable agriculture.
From my point of view, Sustainable agriculture means you have something to do for the agricultural land so as to make it sustainable for the next generation. A concrete example is my write up pertains to sustainable agriculture and if you have some spare time, please do some comments or suggestions because from the feedback, of course, I am planning to do with a concrete detailed design that includes design calculation, and others, which you can found from this link.
Article “Engineering Design to Improve Agricultural Production in th...
While ecological agriculture, wherein ecological is about the study of the environmental aspect and that includes agricultural land. On the other hand, they are not the same.
Thank you.
Bhagwan Singh Meena ,
Dear Dr. Meena,
Thank you for leaving a nice comment about ecological agriculture. It is appreciated.
Kind regards,
Luz
Ronald Valledor Gomeseria
Dear Dr. Gomeseria,
Thank you for the nice contribution to the discussion.
Kind regards,
Luz
Sustainable agriculture is that agriculture that focuses on producing long-term crops, having minimum effect on the environment. This type of agriculture also provides economic stability of farms and also helps farmers to improve their techniques. Ecological agriculture includes methods like prevention of soil erosion, water infiltration and retention, carbon sequestration and increased biodiversity. In this agriculture , techniques such as multi species crop, terrace cultivation, strip cropping are practiced.
Sustainable agriculture includes Ecological agriculture. Both are environmentally safety technique of raising crops.
Hello Prof. Munira Nasiruddin ,
Thank you for your kind response. Can I ask a question if you may? In Bangladesh, what kind of sustainable practices you do? ---Luz
Sustainable word itself is so big that it hardly leaves anything from the periphery of Agriculture. ...
Dear Dr Luz G. Asio,
Thanks a lot for your quarry. Our Bangladesh government is pursuing sustainable methods for its agriculture to increase its environmental safety. Mechanization and specialized chemicals lead the government to take policies for maximizing production. In our country, climate change is a serious threat. Flood, drought, water logging, salinity intrusion, tidal surge, land degradation and natural calamities are the major events. Still, to combat food crisis, Bangladesh has begun projects to improve its sustainable agriculture.
The International Finance Corporation is promoting sustainable agriculture in Bangladesh through working with several private and public companies, such as, it works with private seed companies to demonstrate stress tolerant seeds and raise awareness among the farmers for planting them. Another new form of sustainable agriculture designated by FAO, a farming style in Bangladesh called 'floating gardens', for farmers in areas where flood water stands for a prolonged period, created systems in which plants are grown on floating organic beds of algae and other plant tissues. The Syngenta Foundation for sustainable agriculture, has been working to improve the values of poor farmers by linking them to its business model 'Farmer's hub'.
Through these projects and development in sustainable agriculture, Bangladesh will continue to grow economically while also protecting its environmental resources.
Thanking you
Dr Munira Nasiruddin
Sustainable agriculture has to address ecological issues , otherwise it wont be sustainable. Probably , sustainable agriculture and ecological agriculture compliment each other so well
Dear Dr. Munira Nasiruddin ,
Thank you very much for your kind reply. It is much appreciated. It is fascinating information that you have shared. I am also interested in floating gardens. I wish we could have that kind of technology too since our place is sometimes devastated by floods. --Luz
I would like to add a few words to my comment earlier: An alternative to the industrial production of agricultural products, in which large amounts of pesticides polluting the natural environment are used, has been developed for many years, however, in limited ecological scalrolization, i.e. agriculture without the use of chemical plant protection products. Pesticides should be replaced by the introduction to the production of agricultural products more resistant to viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic diseases of crop varieties that are created using modern biogenetic techniques. Organic farming is fundamentally based on the principle of sustainability. However, the concept of sustainable agriculture is a much broader concept than that of organic farming. Organic farming can be part of sustainable agriculture. However, sustainable agriculture, apart from the issue of agricultural crops carried out according to the formula of organic farming, includes many other important elements of agricultural activity carried out in accordance with the principles of sustainable development, such as the production of energy from renewable energy sources, the production of organic fertilizers in composters, organic recycling, closed cycle of water consumption, home sewage treatment plants sewage, collecting rainwater and its use for watering crops, sorting garbage into several fractions, farm buildings built according to the concept of sustainable and energy-saving construction and other elements of a farm implemented and carried out according to the circular economy concept. Therefore, in my opinion, agriculture should be developed in the future according to the following formula: Organic farming + Sustainable development = Sustainable organic farming?
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Dear Dr. Dariusz Prokopowicz ,
Thank you for your awesome discussion about these two confusing terms in agriculture. Your formula is quite interesting too. --Luz
Rolnictwo zrównoważone jest formą rolnictwa przemysłowego z zachowaniem w pewnym zakresie równowagi w środowisku. Rolnictwo ekologiczne podlega ściśle określonym rygorom środowiskowym.
Dear Dr. Anna Sawilska ,
Thank you for sharing your thoughts about sustainable and organic agriculture. Using the online language translator, I was able to appreciate your viewpoint. --Luz
Great question madam....
I think Both Sustainable agriculture and ecological agriculture are almost same....
Dear Harish Thakare ,
Thank you for your opinion. But we should always consider that sustainable agriculture has a temporal dimension that is difficult to attain. --Luz
I think.... sustainable is braod term in which ecological agriculture also include.
In sustainable agricuture, we do Agricuture in such way that, it's safe for enviorment or have minmium negetive effect on enviorment. Therefore we to study both biotic and abiotic factors.
Whereas, in ecological agriculture we have to study mainly crop productivity.
For example: if we use pesticide on agricultural crop to protect our crop from unwanted pest. These have negetive effect on land and other benificial organism like earthworm (freind of farmer). Therefore, if we use pesticide in certain limit so that it can't have any negetive impact on beneficial organism or not use pesticide.. Then we can say it is sustainable agriculture and if we consider here only crop productivity then we can say it is ecological agriculture.
Thank you for your input on the discussion on sustainable and ecological agriculture Dr. Rahul Kumar Rohilla
Answering the question: Is sustainable agriculture the same as ecological agriculture? - I conclude that: No, these synonymous terms do not mean the same. Well, the relationship between these concepts can be presented according to the following formula:
Ecological agriculture (Organic farming) + Sustainable development = Sustainable ecological agriculture (Sustainable organic farming)
In connection with the above, the relationship between the above synonymous terms can be expressed as follows:
sustainable agriculture ≠> ecological agriculture
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
For high level simbiotic Nitrogen fixation plants some times no N apply mean ecological agriculture.
Dear Dr. Dariusz Prokopowicz ,
The way you explain the relationship between sustainable agriculture and ecological agriculture by using an equation amazes me. I think I agree with you that they are not the same. --Luz
Sustainable development has three components i.e., economic sustainability, environmental sustainability and social sustainability. Ecological agriculture addresses the environment or ecological aspects of sustainability. Sustainable agriculture embraces several variants of non-conventional agriculture that are often called organic, alternative, regenerative, and ecological or low input. Ecological agriculture based on ecological principles aim at maintaining or enhancing the quality of the environment and conserve natural resources without using chemical inputs leading to sustainable development. The difference between sustainable agriculture and ecological agriculture is that sustainable agriculture is a broad concept compared to ecological agriculture. Ecological agriculture systems are one of the means of attaining sustainable agriculture. Sustainable agriculture aims continuous increase in yield and greater resilience.
Hello Dr. Rashmi Pramanik ,
Thank you very much for your very good explanation about the difference and connection between ecological agriculture and sustainable agriculture. --Luz
Sustainable agriculture and ecological agriculture are not the same thing as they have different phenomena in application. Sustainable agriculture includes the successful production of agricultural commodities concerning human health, environment, economic benefit of farmers etc., while ecological agriculture may refer to the production of agricultural commodities emphasising the environmental/ecological balance where cost benefit ratio does not keep under consideration.
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