Of course, you can detect the fluorescent bacteria attached on eukaryotic cells for analysis by flow cytometer. It depends on which fluorescence you are going to use and also the Flow cytometer machine, you are going to use, have the suitable lasers and channels for the fluorescence chromophore. Besides, even you can sort and collect your cells if you use a FACS ( fluorescence-activated cell sorting) machine. But I don't know the bonds between cells and bacteria are weak or strong. If it is a week bond, then it could be broken during the flow cytometer preparation protocol. Because the cells for flow cytometer must be very homogenous and not attached each other.
Thank you very much for your time for writing an answer. Your reply is useful for me.
So if the bond between cells and bacteria is not strong then I may not see any fluorescence; this is because sample processing for FACS may detach bacteria from the cells. It is hard to distinguish between bacteria infected cells and bacteria attached cells with FACS. Do you have any suggestion?
Then FACS should be useful to discriminate quite well between infected and non infected cells (as Cigdem pointed out). You have to optimize the assay and be sure that the cells are infected but not yet dead. Anyways it would be also relatively easy to look for dead cells in a parallel FACS run with the same sample but using apoptosis (?) or another suitable marker. Even if the machine allows discriminating 3 "colors" you may have all the data from 3 markers in a single run.