My parts are deformable grains but I need to carried out a first step during which they fall in a container without deformation, followed my a second step where they were compressed.
Define user-defined material where Youngs modulus has the value of your material for user-variable 0 and has a very large value for user-variable 1.
Initialize the variable to 0 and switch to 1 using UFIELD/USDFLD-user routines.
However, if your simulation is explicit (as the tag implies) this will drastically reduce your time increment, so you may also have to change the density or add mass scaling to the part.
In a dynamic simulaton, suddenly changing the stiffness of your material will, however, cause spurious changes to stresses, elastic waves etc.