DNA profiling is the process of determining an individual's DNA characteristics, which are as unique as fingerprints. DNA analysis intended to identify a species, rather than an individual, is called DNA barcoding. DNA profiling is a forensic technique in criminal investigations, comparing criminal suspects' profiles to DNA evidence so as to assess the likelihood of their involvement in the crime.
Source: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/dna-profiling
Uses of DNA profiling
Some of the uses of DNA profiling include:
- paternity - to find out if the alleged father is actually the biological father of the child
- twins - identical twins share the same genetic material, while fraternal (non identical) twins develop from two eggs fertilised by two sperm and are no more alike than individual siblings born at different times. It can be difficult to tell at birth whether twins are identical or fraternal
- siblings - for example, adopted people may want to have DNA tests to make sure that alleged biological siblings are actually their blood brothers or sisters
- immigration - some visa applications may depend on proof of relatedness
- criminal justice - DNA testing can help solve crimes by comparing the DNA profiles of suspects to offender samples. Victorian law allows the collection of blood and saliva samples from convicted criminals and suspects. DNA profiles are then kept on a database.
Advantages of DNA profiling. Some of the advantages of DNA profiling include: DNA tests can be applied to any human sample that contains cells with nuclei, such as saliva, semen, urine and hair. DNA tests are extremely sensitive, and can be conducted using samples that would be too small for other serological tests.
DNA profiling - Better Health Channel
Please see the following links
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/dna-profiling
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and.../dna-profiling
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4580997/
https://www.nap.edu/read/1866/chapter/2
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