Dear Mahdiyeh Afshar Bakeshloo. Your question is fundamental in understanding of phenomenon of architecture. To live, people need to sleep, eat, breathe and drink. In addition, they must act - search or create. Often, to do this, they need to move - to have enough strength not to be crushed by gravity, the molten heat, or the frozen cold of the Universe. In my mind In architecture, everything except nature is an external force that forces people to build. We are left to think about what to take, where to place, how to connect that with other things, and in the end, decide who to give our construction - which is essentially one of the forms of development of nature through our conscience. In the mind of the architect, a spatial idea of the future building is born, and when the building is constructed its spirit will arise, and after that, the place where it appears will acquire a new soul.

I propose the following comparison.

A suit is shelter and also embellishes the person, and provides him/her some identity. It is a technical piece and its fabric is a technical piece too, perhaps a masterwork of arranging natural fibers in a strong, smooth, pleasant, permeable way. A suit is function and form.

Do you imagine it as a free form that the human subject has to squeeze into, or do you fit it to the body?

Dear Aloísio Leoni Schmid! Very interesting suggestion. There are many dilemmas in the modern understanding of architecture. I'll name just a few:

1. Is a stick stuck in the ground we may call architecture? What makes it different from the Parthenon?

2. Should the architect cater to his vision of the building or submit to the client's vision?

3. Can design be done by a professional or by everyone, including artificial intelligence?

4. Can everyone who constructs something be called an architect or only those who know how to use a graphic editor?

5. How long we must study architecture (5-7 years, as it was a century earlier) or short courses of up to 3 years are sufficient (modern European practice)?

As the history of European civilization testifies, answers to such dilemmas were first obtained when the philosophers of the Ancient Greek polises began to think about what to do and what to build to live safely, and with dignity. The architecture of the Acropolis corresponds to the social organism of ancient Athens, reflects to their level of technology and economy, and demonstrates the wisdom of its creators. The desire to understand architecture means the healthy life of civilization. Some of those who wanted to get rid of architecture, or call it those things that are not it, disappeared.

@in architectural design in general we start from the plan, because through the plan it is possible to establish where precisely the openings on the main façade will correspond, taking into consideration all the national and international regulations on sizing. In particular, in Italy it is necessary to take into consideration that the openings are equal to one seventh of the plan surface area. In order to prepare the internal design environments, the needs of the individual are taken into consideration both at a spatial and functional level, subsequently compatible with the technological elements. In summary, we contemplate the environmental units and the technological units which in turn will belong to the classes of environmental units and classes of technological units. the question is very complex since it is in any case a continuous return to the plan, it is a continuous return to the prospectus and consequently everything is born simultaneously.

It depends on what is being asked of the architectural statement. If a building is to be a monument, expressing something significant about its location . . . then start from the outside. If, however, it is a simpler creation that is serving a more mundane purpose . . . then you will want to start from the inside. Of course, there are more projects like the latter than the former.

Hello every one.

I think you should talk to and consult the stakeholders in in any specific work or project to see and figure out their needs and restrictions about the current work. and one important thing to check the compliance with law and specifications of needed work and scope.

A person can sleep, work, or pray in an open desert, a semi-enclosed cave, or a well-protected skyscraper apartment. It doesn’t matter to him who created all this, and often it doesn’t even matter what the room he’s in looks like. A beautiful picture on a TV screen can satisfy this need even in an abandoned house. However, he is not indifferent to the properties of his habitat. As a rule, it had been created by many previous generations. If the place was built stupidly or poorly managed, then he will have to leave it and seek refuge elsewhere. For the past three millennia, the question of how to improve habitats has been the concern of some local professionals.

The Industrial Revolution led to an information and energy explosion, turning almost the entire world's population into real or virtual migrants. Naturally, like birds, such eternal wanderers are forced to occupy empty nests and adapt them, peeking at the nests of other birds, no longer relying on the genetic ability to adapt, but on the principle of unclear principles of creativity. It is not surprising that the answer to such a simple question from what to start designing the geometry of a chair, an airplane, a building, or a city so that they not only generate income for the state but also ensure the stability of life for its inhabitants, does not have a simple answer. And you will not find the answer to this question in the construction legislation, the mind of the manufacturer or consumer. If an architect's job were so easy, we would use a copying machine with AI to duplicate or transform the other designs' patterns.

The idea of copying the designs of others brought back a memory. Many years ago, I had a friend who worked for a developer. This developer would get an architect in a car with my friend and they would drive around town. Suddenly the developer would erupt and say, "One like that." He would have seen a building he liked, and was asking the architect to copy one like the one they were observing. I thought that was a riot (i.e., amusing).

Dear Peter F. Colwell. Many people believe that replicating magazin architectural designs is the main task of an architect. Such is the power of fashion and the ideology of promoting superstar designers. However, nature has an antidote to this. Therefore, a friend of my customer (a good banker by profession), when issuing a loan for a project of building, asked him under no circumstances to involve a fashionable architect in the project. A good professional is much more valuable and the costs associated with finding one usually pay off.

in side

In side? Inside a person, there are thoughts, feelings, and emotions. Inside a construction exists only spatial extensions of its constituent components, the properties of which depend on how they are organized. This "in side" doesn’t care who occupies it. However, it is very significant to the "out side" living people. As the history of thoughts testifies, the dual nature of architecture allows one to change the understanding of what is inside and what is outside, depending on the choice of the subject investigation.

I think the outside of the building is important to take into account but most importantly what we will build on the inside so that we can know what to make from the area of the outside that exists.

Dear Herry Patria Hasan. Anthropological structures appeared as a result of human activity, which, based on the material components located in the construction site area, provided for changing the geometry of the territory to obtain premises in certain areas of it with new properties, different from those that originally existed there. The internal and external surfaces in the created buildings (caves, huts, sheds, fences) based on the different modus of interaction with the external environment, have created different paths for making theirs. Therefore, the external shape of Egyptian pyramids, ancient and medieval temples, or modern skyscrapers differs in parameters, shape, and style from their internal premises. The main problem of architecture is to find the stable geometry of external and internal premises, which not only have different meanings for the community but also predetermine the way they are harmonized ensuring the neverending evolution of human constructions.

In architectural design, it's crucial to consider both the inside and the outside factors. Starting from the inside means focusing on the needs and experiences of the building's users, ensuring that the interior spaces are functional and comfortable. However, it's also essential to consider the outside factors, such as societal influences, environmental context, and how the building fits into its surroundings. This includes thinking about sustainability, cultural context, and the building's impact on the community. The best approach is to balance both perspectives, creating designs that are user-centric, contextually appropriate, and environmentally sustainable. This holistic view ensures that buildings meet the needs of their occupants while positively contributing to the broader environment and society.

The concept in designing a building or residence in my opinion, starts from what is outside the building, for example, if we want to build a residence in a mountainous area, then we have to calculate many things so that our building adjusts to the surrounding natural conditions so that the building is in accordance with its intended and comfortable to be used as a residence. Similarly, erecting bank buildings, rivers, edge ravines, and in desert areas must be what will be our calculations, starting from the foundation, must adjust the condition of the soil structure on which we will erect a building or residence so that the characteristics can adjust to these conditions.

Of course, the material shell of an space station must take into account the external physical characteristics of the environment in order to provide the necessary properties of the interior. However, its shape and the geometric parameters of it constituent premises appeared not only as a result of studying the properties of Space. The main direction of it improvement is the search for the organization of it premises in such a way as to ensure the greatest safety, maximum psychological comfort with minimal costs for its creation, operation and disposal.

It is known that the housing of modern cities is constantly being transformed through the demolition of dilapidated buildings, the renovation of historically valuable structures, or the change of function to non-residential ones. Moreover, despite the relatively stable climate and urban planning features of the construction site, their transformation in many cases depends more on the culture of the community than on the natural environment. Many monuments of residential architecture (from medieval to modern) have turned into museums simply because they were built for people whose lifestyle was different from the existing one.

To improve the quality of design, an architect should first determine who needs which premises (what), and then to which cultural environment and territorial lot they should be built (how).