I have TiO2 Nps and I have to disperse them in water, but they are not stable. I am trying to use citric acid as modifier to change surface properties of TiO2, but I don't know how and I didn't find a good paper about this.
I appreciate your guidance.
H.Shamsi
Hi Hamzeh . Have a look at the following article
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja106091q
Hamzeh Shamsi This is where you need a stabilizer to keep particles apart. As mentioned above pH control (in a buffer) is also important. If your material wets in water then a surfactant is not necessary. Take a look at this webinar:
May 28th, 2019 Dispersion and nanotechnology
https://www.brainshark.com/malvern/vu?pi=zHSznNgprz5chz0
My first attempt would be to sonicate in a 0.05% Calgon solution. Scientifically one could measure the zeta potential of the system. See slides 27 and onwards in the above.
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