I have been trying to determine the correct equation for calculating the energy expenditure from the readouts of the CLAMS caging data. I have VO2 (mL/kg/hr), VCO2 (mL/kg/hr), and RER. I have found a paper (attached) that uses the equation 15,818(VO2) + 5,176(VO2)/1000*24. The CLAMS equation sheet (attached) calls for the equation (3.815 + 1.232 * RER) *VO2. There are two prongs to my question - how should I properly calculate energy expenditure from this data, and how are the constants for these other equations derived?