I guess the answer for your question hides in the planning and designing a city or urban area from the beginning. It could be how the city/urban designers integrated and considered the environmental elements in their design. Did the designer respect the environmental planning criteria for a natural element such as a river or a mountain? Did they consider not cutting trees or palms to build houses? In addition, how did the designers create space for people to do their daily activities?

Do people have the opportunity to walk or run beside a river or a lake?

In addition, the city scale could play a factor in how people sense the environment.

You may want to study and compare between the layouts of cities/urban areas that successfully integrated nature within their designs and those that did not.

The key, perhaps, lies in a transdisciplinary approach by professionals from various areas, architects, urban planners, landscape architects, sociologists, anthropologists, geographers; It is necessary to have a critical look at the topic, as the actions that we men take in the use of the soil will always result in a learning process, for everyone. Uncertainty is part of the process and often becomes an obstacle. Until now we have only extracted everything that nature offers us, perhaps it is time to start giving back.

Dear Duarte My first answer is that it depends very much on the intensity of urbanisation. Urban development that is designed with high sensitivity to scenic amenity and biodiversity can bring the residents in close contact with nature, especially if the design is sensitive to important natural features such as waterways and corridors to broad acre parks and reserves. But dense urban development or redevelopment under pressure from developer interests can squeeze out green spaces. My second answer is to examine your statement "While urbanization can create a sense of disconnection from the natural world, it simultaneously fosters novel ways to reconnect, such as renewable energy initiatives and the integration of green spaces within urban settings." Yes, urbanisation can certainly create a disconnect. But the process of urbanisation by itself doesn't necessarily foster novel ways of bringing green space, unless there are designers and planners and decision-makers who are sympathetic to the desirability of doing that,, and also have some technical expertise to minimise the conflict between urban development and natural features. (For example, technical expertise is necessary to manage urban waterways to minimise flooding, mosquitoes, erosion et cetera while maximising environmental value).

My third answer is that renewable energy initiatives are not necessarily harmonious with design-with-nature. They are physical facilities that are probably better for the planet than fossil fuel-fired power stations, but I don't see that they would usually do much to encourage nature-sensitive design of new urban development, it's a different field of knowledge.