In all honesty the implant or grafted construct will be required to grow for tissue integration. The aim is the engineered tissue will respond the same as native tissue when challenged by growth factors, hormones and mechanical stimuli. in regards bone there is continued remodelling of bone by ostroclasts and osteoblasts. So it all depends how you look at growth is it change in size or continued cell replenishment when cells age?

With all the studies we have pursued, both pre-clinical and clinical, the stem cells will react to local environmental cues to direct their integration, growth, and renewal. Our results have shown that it is best to start with the most prinmitive stem cells possible and allow the body to dictate what cell type it wants (local factors affect the stem cell's particular differentiation process) and where it places that partiuclar cell type. For example, in a pre-clinical animal study we infused pluripotent stem cells systemically to repair hearts that we had previously damaged either by freezing the apex of the heart or destroying cardiac muscle by transient coronary artery (LAD) ligation. The pluripotent stem cells repaired ALL tissues damaged, i.e., cardic muscle, vasculature, and cardiac skeleton (see attached paper), not just the hoped for cardiac muscle. And intuitively, it makes sense. The "body" will want ALL damaged tissues replaced, i.e., supportive elements, such as vascular supply (for nutrient delivery and waste removal) and cardiac skeleton (restore function), as well as the desired cardiac muscle.