How do I measure intracellular IL-1?

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Does anyone know a protocol for expand or generate CD4+ T cells against TT, PPD or Flu from PBMC?

Hi, I need a protocol to this aim, many years ago I saw a very easy protocol to expand lymphocytes from PBMC using a Flu peptide, but now I have not access to this protocol. If someone has...

05 June 2017 10,110 5 View

Does anyone know about variant polarized M3 macrophages with primary immunoregulatory roles as a result of IL-10 production?

In response to various signals, MΦ may undergo classical M1 activation or alternative M2 activation. The M1 phenotype is characterized by the expression of high levels of proinflammatory...

05 June 2014 1,509 1 View

Why Do TDS and EC Increase with Larger Wastewater Volumes, While BOD and COD Decrease?

I have carried out MFC experiments on three different volumes, 50, 500 and 1000 mL of wastewater. Results after MFC treatment shows that TDS and EC are more in larger volumes of water i.e. TDS and...

09 August 2024 9,621 0 View

Could it be a cell culture contamination?

Hello everyone! I observed in my culture (htert-RPE1 cells) an orange- red particle at the bottom of the dish. It is visible to the naked eye as a very very small red dot. Could it be a...

09 August 2024 2,824 3 View

Is there any way to quantify bacterial and fungal cells in their mixed culture?

I am working in fungal fermentation of soybean meal and there is bacterial growth in them at times. I am trying to quantify fungal cell counts and bacterial cells; but I haven't been able to do at...

07 August 2024 7,535 4 View

Can I use a HisTRAP column for affinity chromatography?

I'm working on selecting antibodies against a recombinant protein that has a His-tag. My idea is to first bind the recombinant protein to a HisTRAP column and then use this column for an affinity...

07 August 2024 505 3 View

How to normalize and take the significance of the MTT OD values with 3 replicates for the same cell-line?

Hi, I have a question about normalizing the MTT OD values for doing the statistical analysis. So, if we have 3 different plates and we call them 3 different replicates, so, first we would...

07 August 2024 8,106 4 View

Why activated CAR-Jurkat cell could not kill targets?

Previously when I co-coluture anti-CD19(FMC63) CAR-Jurkat with Raji with E:T=5:1, Jurkat can eliminate Raji in 24h. However, when I test another CAR construct, although I can dectect totally CD69...

06 August 2024 641 2 View

Why does my protein refolded to beta sheet during thermal denaturation analysis?

Hi! So i attempted to understand a novel protein behavior towards heat application by analyzing its secondary structure change. I subjected the protein to a thermal denaturation analysis using...

06 August 2024 1,989 3 View

Weak DAPI staining after immunohistochemistry - how to improve?

After immunohistochemistry of previously fixed in PFA and EtOH and then frozen 20 μm sections of zebrafish brain, DAPI staining is very weak (right) compared to the same sections stained without...

05 August 2024 9,637 2 View

The Curse of Evolution and Complexity?

Brain and body mass together are positively correlated with lifespan (Hofman 1993). The duration of neural development is one of the best predictors of brain size, and conception is the best...

05 August 2024 6,247 3 View

How to isolate lymphocytes from mouse spleen?

I have tried several times to isolate lymphocytes from mouse spleen, but all attempts have been unsuccessful. I tried most available protocols. I used different dissociation media (HBSS with Ca...

04 August 2024 9,913 7 View