In response to various signals, MΦ may undergo classical M1 activation or alternative M2 activation. The M1 phenotype is characterized by the expression of high levels of proinflammatory cytokines, high productions of reactive nitrogen and oxygen intermediates, promotion of Th1 response and strong microbicidal and tumoricidal activity.
Elizabeth Jacobsen
I know there are a wide array of macrophage subtypes, defined by cytokines, enzymes, transcription factors.
There was an article published just recently dealing with this issue that might be helpful: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25035950
In Immunity July 2014
Macrophage Activation and Polarization: Nomenclature and Experimental Guidelines
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