I have a null and alternative hypothesis for each objective. There are 90 respondents in total and for each objective a 5 likert questionnaire with 10 questions each. I do not have SPSS and I not well acquainted with how to use it properly, so all my data has been analyzed on excel which includes the mean and standard deviation. Kindly assist me on, how I can find the observed or actual value, expected value and degree of freedom all on excel for such a data set so I can calculate the Chi-Square test of Independence, p-value and critical value.
There is a lot to unpack in your question. If I follow, for each objective, you have responses to ten 5-point Likert items. Is that right? If so, have you computed a mean (or sum) of the 10 items?
It is also not clear to me what hypothesis (or hypotheses) you wish to test. Can you clarify? E.g., do the 90 respondents fall into groups of some kind, and are you wishing to compare groups on their "objective" scores? Or is there just one group, and you're interested in associations between objective scores? None of this is clear (to me, at least). You have not even said (unless I missed it) how many objectives there are.
Finally (for now), using Excel for serious data analysis is not advisable. You said you do not have SPSS. Does that mean you do not have access to it via your institution, or you have access, but have not installed it? If you do not have access, there are other free alternatives such as JASP and Jamovi.
I'll stop there for now in hopes that you will clarify things a bit more.
Chi Square Calculator - Up To 5x5, With Steps
Here you'll find a set of statistics calculators that are intuitive and easy to use. Included are a variety of tests of significance, plus correlation, effect size and confidence interval calculators.
If you're not sure what statistics calculator you require, check out our Which Statistics Test? wizard.
Significance Tests
- One-Way ANOVA Calculator for Independent Measures
- One-Way ANOVA Calculator for Repeated Measures
- Binomial Test Calculator
- Chi-Square Calculator for 2 x 2 Contingency Table
- Chi-Square Calculator for 5 x 5 (or less) Contingency Table
- Chi-Square Calculator for Goodness of Fit
I would suggest R or Python. Both will do statistical analyses and are free. The learning curve is a bit difficult. However, it is a long term investment in your ability to analyze and present data. If these are tasks you expect to encounter many times in your career then it is worth the effort. Other programs may also work. One possibility is to find the software used at the place(s) you want to work and start learning the software they are comfortable with using.
Even if you can find an Excel macro to run the analysis, keep in mind that Excel has a deserved bad reputation for serious data analysis. Excel is very useful for many data management tasks. Just use something else for the analysis.
@Bruce Weaver, Thank you for your very insightful response. I have computed mean and standard deviations for each of the 10 questions.
I have 3 objectives each with 10 questions and I am testing for null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis for each of the objectives. Eg. Objective 1: null hypothesis ; There is no relationship between Human Capacity for M&E and project performance. Alternative hypothesis is vice versa. That is why I am looking to get the observed value and df and expected value for each objective so I can do a chi square test for each.
Hello Deborah. How was Human Capacity for M&E measured? And how was project performance measured? From what you've said, both of them sound (to me) like quantitative variables that could be described using means & SDs. If that is so, I don't understand why you want to use a Chi-square test. Why are you not computing a correlation between them, or estimating a linear regression model?
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