statyka i kinematyka drzewa i drzewostanów, energia i ciepło spalania drewna, ciśnienie parcia korzeniowego, twardość, sprężystość, plastyczność, przewodnictwo elektryczne drewna, drzew, sadzonek, siewek i nasion, właściwości elektrostatyczne nasion, łusek, pyłku, widmo promieniowania podczerwonego koron drzew leśnych...

First, I think this question is very good. Second, I am a researcher in forestry, and I am not very familiar with physics, so I can only answer this question from the perspective of forestry. The difficult problem in forestry is that it requires a lot of work to observe tree growth in the field or in tree samples. Whether it is felling trees to obtain discs or using growth cones to obtain cores, it will cause damage to the trees. And neither discs nor cores can provide a complete picture of the tree's overall growth. (Explanation: Cores are obtained by taking a long strip from the trunk of a tree, with a diameter of about 5mm, representing the tree's overall radial growth) Therefore, we are eagerly hoping that we can obtain electronic data directly from the sample area through physics radar or X-rays, which will save labor and provide complete information about the trees and stands. Therefore, we need good physical tools, such as handheld laser radar and airborne laser radar. We hope that physicists can develop X-ray instruments that are portable and can be used in the field based on this.

Yes, Physics has a place in Forestry Science. Where I work (University of Eldoret, Kenya), physics is integrated into core courses like Soil Science (soil physics - soil strength, shear, bearing force, geotronics). But more so we use it a lot in Forest Engineering where one has to calculate the load bearing capacity of timber, its modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture.

Physics can be integrated into forestry science in a number of ways to improve understanding, management, and sustainability of forests. Here are some key areas where physics plays an important role in forestry science:

1. Tree Growth and Development

• Biomechanics of Trees: Physics helps to understand how trees grow and respond to environmental factors like wind, gravity, and soil resistance. Studies of tree biomechanics, including how trees bend and sway, can inform forest management practices, especially in terms of selecting tree species that are more resistant to wind damage or other mechanical stresses.
• Light and Photosynthesis: The physics of light, including its absorption, reflection, and transmission, helps in understanding how trees capture sunlight for photosynthesis. Understanding light penetration within a forest canopy is crucial for assessing forest health and productivity.

2. Forest Microclimates

• Energy Balance: Physics is key in studying energy fluxes in forests, such as heat exchange, radiation absorption, and the role of trees in cooling the environment. This is important for climate modeling and understanding how forests interact with weather systems and climate change.
• Water Movement: The physics of fluid dynamics helps in understanding how water moves through forest ecosystems, both in terms of soil water dynamics (e.g., infiltration, evaporation) and how trees regulate water flow through their vascular system. This includes the study of transpiration, the process by which trees release water vapor into the atmosphere.

3. Forest Hydrology and Soil Physics

• Soil Moisture and Water Retention: The principles of soil physics are vital in forestry, particularly when studying how different soil types retain and transmit water. This knowledge is essential for forest health, particularly during drought conditions, and for managing water resources in forested landscapes.
• Hydrological Modeling: Physics-based models are used to simulate water movement through the forest ecosystem, including rainfall interception by the canopy, infiltration, and runoff. These models are crucial for forest management, especially in preventing soil erosion or maintaining water quality in nearby streams.

4. Fire Behavior and Risk Assessment

• Combustion and Heat Transfer: Physics is used to study the mechanics of wildfire, including how fires spread through different types of vegetation, the role of temperature, wind, and humidity in fire behavior, and how heat is transferred in a forest environment. Understanding these principles helps in fire prevention, control, and predicting the impact of wildfires on ecosystems.
• Fire Modeling: Computational models based on physics are used to simulate the behavior of fires under various conditions, providing valuable insights for fire risk management and forest planning.

5. Forest Carbon Sequestration

• Carbon Cycling and Energy Flow: Physics is crucial in studying how carbon is stored and transferred in forest ecosystems, from soil to trees to the atmosphere. Energy flow through a forest (i.e., the movement of solar energy into chemical energy) is modeled using principles of thermodynamics and fluid dynamics, which helps in assessing how forests act as carbon sinks and contribute to climate mitigation.

6. Forest Management and Harvesting

• Mechanical Harvesting Technologies: Physics is used to design efficient machinery for logging and forest management, such as understanding the forces involved in cutting and moving trees. This can lead to innovations in harvesting techniques that minimize environmental damage and improve the economic efficiency of timber production.
• Forest Canopy Structure: The use of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology, which is based on principles of physics, helps create detailed 3D maps of forest canopies. This allows foresters to assess forest structure, tree height, biomass, and canopy cover without disrupting the ecosystem.

7. Climate Change and Forest Ecosystem Modeling

• Global Climate Models: Physics is foundational in understanding how forests interact with global climate systems. Models that simulate the effect of changing temperatures, precipitation patterns, and CO2 concentrations on forest ecosystems are based on physical principles of heat transfer, atmospheric dynamics, and fluid motion.
• Forest-Atmosphere Exchange: Physics is used to study the exchange of gases (like CO2, water vapor, and methane) between forests and the atmosphere. This research is essential for predicting how forests will respond to climate change and for developing strategies to manage forests for carbon sequestration.

In conclusion, physics provides the tools and methodologies to understand the fundamental processes that govern forest ecosystems, from tree growth to forest-climate interactions. By applying physical principles, forestry science can develop more effective, sustainable, and efficient ways to manage and protect forests.

Physics can be integrated into forestry science in a number of ways to improve understanding, management, and sustainability of forests. Here are some key areas where physics plays an important role in forestry science:

1. Tree Growth and Development

• Biomechanics of Trees: Physics helps to understand how trees grow and respond to environmental factors like wind, gravity, and soil resistance. Studies of tree biomechanics, including how trees bend and sway, can inform forest management practices, especially in terms of selecting tree species that are more resistant to wind damage or other mechanical stresses.
• Light and Photosynthesis: The physics of light, including its absorption, reflection, and transmission, helps in understanding how trees capture sunlight for photosynthesis. Understanding light penetration within a forest canopy is crucial for assessing forest health and productivity.

2. Forest Microclimates

• Energy Balance: Physics is key in studying energy fluxes in forests, such as heat exchange, radiation absorption, and the role of trees in cooling the environment. This is important for climate modeling and understanding how forests interact with weather systems and climate change.
• Water Movement: The physics of fluid dynamics helps in understanding how water moves through forest ecosystems, both in terms of soil water dynamics (e.g., infiltration, evaporation) and how trees regulate water flow through their vascular system. This includes the study of transpiration, the process by which trees release water vapor into the atmosphere.

3. Forest Hydrology and Soil Physics

• Soil Moisture and Water Retention: The principles of soil physics are vital in forestry, particularly when studying how different soil types retain and transmit water. This knowledge is essential for forest health, particularly during drought conditions, and for managing water resources in forested landscapes.
• Hydrological Modeling: Physics-based models are used to simulate water movement through the forest ecosystem, including rainfall interception by the canopy, infiltration, and runoff. These models are crucial for forest management, especially in preventing soil erosion or maintaining water quality in nearby streams.

4. Fire Behavior and Risk Assessment

• Combustion and Heat Transfer: Physics is used to study the mechanics of wildfire, including how fires spread through different types of vegetation, the role of temperature, wind, and humidity in fire behavior, and how heat is transferred in a forest environment. Understanding these principles helps in fire prevention, control, and predicting the impact of wildfires on ecosystems.
• Fire Modeling: Computational models based on physics are used to simulate the behavior of fires under various conditions, providing valuable insights for fire risk management and forest planning.

5. Forest Carbon Sequestration

• Carbon Cycling and Energy Flow: Physics is crucial in studying how carbon is stored and transferred in forest ecosystems, from soil to trees to the atmosphere. Energy flow through a forest (i.e., the movement of solar energy into chemical energy) is modeled using principles of thermodynamics and fluid dynamics, which helps in assessing how forests act as carbon sinks and contribute to climate mitigation.

6. Forest Management and Harvesting

• Mechanical Harvesting Technologies: Physics is used to design efficient machinery for logging and forest management, such as understanding the forces involved in cutting and moving trees. This can lead to innovations in harvesting techniques that minimize environmental damage and improve the economic efficiency of timber production.
• Forest Canopy Structure: The use of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology, which is based on principles of physics, helps create detailed 3D maps of forest canopies. This allows foresters to assess forest structure, tree height, biomass, and canopy cover without disrupting the ecosystem.

7. Climate Change and Forest Ecosystem Modeling

• Global Climate Models: Physics is foundational in understanding how forests interact with global climate systems. Models that simulate the effect of changing temperatures, precipitation patterns, and CO2 concentrations on forest ecosystems are based on physical principles of heat transfer, atmospheric dynamics, and fluid motion.
• Forest-Atmosphere Exchange: Physics is used to study the exchange of gases (like CO2, water vapor, and methane) between forests and the atmosphere. This research is essential for predicting how forests will respond to climate change and for developing strategies to manage forests for carbon sequestration.

In conclusion, physics provides the tools and methodologies to understand the fundamental processes that govern forest ecosystems, from tree growth to forest-climate interactions. By applying physical principles, forestry science can develop more effective, sustainable, and efficient ways to manage and protect forests.