I have to weld a fiber optical strain sensor (FOS) to a detail which is maded from titanium alloy Ti -4Al-1,5Mn. FOS base is maded from stainless steel grade 302 ful hard. I use a capacitor discharge welding machine MODEL 700 Micro-Measurements ( Portable Strain Gage Welding and Soldering Unit ). So what interlayer should I use to make a good joint of SS AISI 302 and Ti-4Al-1,5Mn?
Thanks a lot!
Due to a very large difference in thermal expansion (AISI 302 = approx. 17x10-6K-1 and TI-4Al-1.5Mn = approx. 10x10-6K-1), welding of these materials is hardly possible. You can try a thick copper interlayer, but even that may not work.
To minimize stresses when connecting try soldering, preferably with Pb-based soft braze, if the joint does not get hotter than 150 ° C during operation.
Some attempts have been done to solve this problem:
Liu, F.-Y., Lin, S.-B., Yang, C.-L., Wu, L. Effect of activating fluxes on weld form in TIG welding of stainless steel and titanium alloy (2002) Hanjie Xuebao/Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 23 (1), pp. 1-4.
Fang, Y., Jiang, X., Song, T., Mo, D., Luo, Z. Pulsed laser welding of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy to AISI 316L stainless steel using Cu/Nb bilayer (2019) Materials Letters, 244, pp. 163-166.
Wang, T., Zhang, B., Chen, G., Feng, J. Electron beam welding of TA15 titanium alloy to 304 stainless steel (2010) Hanjie Xuebao/Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 31 (5), pp. 53-56.
Wang, T., Zhang, B.-G., Chen, G.-Q., Feng, J.-C., Tang, Q. Electron beam welding of Ti-15-3 titanium alloy to 304 stainless steel with copper interlayer sheet (2010) Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (English Edition), 20 (10), pp. 1829-1834.
Wang, T., Zhang, B., Zhang, Y., Feng, J., Zhong, S. Experimental research on electron beam welding of titanium alloy to stainless steel based on Cu/V filler metals with different shapes (2014) Hanjie Xuebao/Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 35 (8), pp. 71-74.
Zhang, Y., Sun, D.Q., Gu, X.Y., Liu, Y.J. Nd/YAG pulsed laser welding of TC4 titanium alloy to 301L stainless steel via pure copper interlayer (2017) International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 90 (1-4), pp. 953-961.
Mannucci, A., Tomashchuk, I., Mathieu, A., Cicala, E., Boucheron, T., Bolot, R., Lafaye, S. Direct laser welding of pure titanium to austenitic stainless steel (2018) Procedia CIRP, 74, pp. 485-490.
Hao, X., Dong, H., Xia, Y., Li, P. Microstructure and mechanical properties of laser welded TC4 titanium alloy/304 stainless steel joint with (CoCrFeNi)100-xCux high-entropy alloy interlayer (2019) Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 803, pp. 649-657.
Tomashchuk, I., Sallamand, P., Belyavina, N., Pilloz, M. Evolution of microstructures and mechanical properties during dissimilar electron beam welding of titanium alloy to stainless steel via copper interlayer (2013) Materials Science and Engineering A, 585, pp. 114-122.
Cherepanov, A.N., Mali, V.I., Maliutina, I.N., Orishich, A.M., Malikov, A.G., Drozdov, V.O. Laser welding of stainless steel to titanium using explosively welded composite inserts (2017) International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 90 (9-12), pp. 3037-3043.
Zhang, Y., Sun, D., Gu, X., Li, H. A hybrid joint based on two kinds of bonding mechanisms for Titanium alloy and stainless steel by pulsed laser welding (2016) Materials Letters, 185, pp. 152-155.
Hao, X., Li, P., Xia, Y., Dong, H., Wang, P., Yan, D. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar TC4 Titanium Alloy/304 Stainless Steel Joint Using Copper Filler Wire (2019) Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 50 (2), pp. 688-703.
Gao, Y., Zhou, J., Zhang, Y., Sun, D., Li, H. Two pass laser welding of TC4 titanium alloy and 304 stainless steel using TA2/Q235 composite interlayer (2019) Materials Letters, 255, 126521
Song, T.-F., Zhang, J.-L., Yang, T.-G., Mo, D.-F., Jiang, X.-S. Effects of electron-beam offsetting on microstructure and mechanical properties of joints between titanium alloy and stainless steel using Cu/Nb bilayer (2019) Materials Research Express, 6 (9), статья № 0965A7, .
Pardal, G., Ganguly, S., Williams, S., Vaja, J. Dissimilar metal joining of stainless steel and titanium using copper as transition metal (2016) International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 86 (5-8), pp. 1139-1150.
Hao, X., Dong, H., Li, S., Xu, X., Li, P. Lap joining of TC4 titanium alloy to 304 stainless steel with fillet weld by GTAW using copper-based filler wire (2018) Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 257, pp. 88-100.
Zhang, Y., Sun, D.Q., Gu, X.Y., Li, H.M. Nd:YAG pulsed laser welding of dissimilar metals of titanium alloy to stainless steel (2018) International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 94 (1-4), pp. 1073-1085.
Wang, T., Zhang, B.-G., Feng, J.-C. Influences of different filler metals on electron beam welding of titanium alloy to stainless steel (2014) Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (English Edition), 24 (1), pp. 108-114.
Grigoryev, E.G., Bazanov, V.N. Electric current pulse welding of titanium with 18-10 stainless steel (2010) Advanced Materials Research, 83-86, pp. 1251-1253.
Chattopadhyay, A., Muvvala, G., Racherla, V., Nath, A.K. A study on laser welding of titanium and stainless steel (2018) ASME 2018 13th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference, MSEC 2018, 2
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