How can I compute the average photon number in the strongly correlated James-Cummings model?

17 May 2021 0 7K Report

In Ref. [Article Thermal Equilibrium in the Jaynes-Cummings Model

] the James-Cummings model is studier in a general way. In particular, Eq. (8) introduces a reservoir-Hamiltonian. The same procedure can be found in Ref[doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2008.10.073].

I don't understand what the trace over the reservoir means, because the annihilation/creation operators appears inside an integral.

Do you know some reference to check this kind of calculations?

(I have attached the expressions related to my question).

Thanks.

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