Find the coefficient of volume expansion (β) for the oil: The coefficient of volume expansion is a property specific to the material and can be provided in reference materials or databases. It represents how much the volume of the material changes with temperature. It is usually given in units of per degree Celsius (°C).
Calculate the change in temperature (ΔT): ΔT = T_final - T_initial where T_final is the final temperature (-60°C) and T_initial is the initial temperature (15°C).
Use the formula for thermal expansion to calculate the change in volume (ΔV): ΔV = V_initial * β * ΔT where V_initial is the initial volume, β is the coefficient of volume expansion, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
Calculate the final volume (V_final): V_final = V_initial + ΔV
Use the density formula to find the density at -60°C: Density = mass / V_final