Determining the idea of ​​the scale and the justifications for its design: The researcher must first determine the idea through which he will design the psychological scales, and the reasons that prompted him to design these scales.

Determining the objectives of the psychological scales: After that, the researcher must determine the objectives of the psychological scales, which are divided into general objectives through which the researcher seeks to fill the gap in the tools that address the measurement of the characteristic he seeks to measure, and to ensure the effectiveness of a theory, and to identify the degree to which individuals possess a characteristic, and specific objectives used for the purpose of selection or professional or educational guidance, or used for the purpose of diagnosis or evaluation, or used for the purpose of testing scientific hypotheses as occurs in research.

Determining the theoretical framework for the variables concerned with the measurement: This step is the third step that the researcher must take when designing psychological scales, as the measured characteristic must have a theoretical basis that justifies the legitimacy of addressing it and defines it, and in some cases the psychological scale is prepared in order to ensure the extent of the effectiveness of the theory that explains the measured trait or characteristic.

Determining the nature and characteristics of individuals: This is an important step in designing psychological scales, as the researcher must know the nature of the individuals who will be subjected to his scale, and the characteristics that distinguish them, such as gender, education, economic and social level, and the researcher must also justify the reasons for choosing the individuals he chose.

Determining the sub-dimensions of the measured characteristic: The researcher must determine the sub-dimensions of the measured characteristic, as the measured characteristic is divided into a group of individual dimensions that together form the total score of the measured characteristic, and intelligence scales are the greatest evidence of this.

Determining the optimal form of the scale and methods of application: After that, the researcher must choose the appropriate form for the psychological scale that he is preparing, and there is a group of forms from which the researcher can choose his psychological scale, and among these forms are paper and pen tests, scientific or projective scales, and the researcher must also determine whether the scale will be determined individually or collectively.

Limiting the available scales that aim to measure the same characteristic: The researcher must limit the scales that aim to measure the same characteristic that he wants to measure, and this step has many benefits, the most important of which is clarifying the usual form of measuring the characteristic or trait, such as the method of formulating the items, the method of application, the method of estimation, and clarifying the sub-dimensions of the characteristic being measured, in addition to the possibility of quoting some items.

Actual formulation of units: This is one of the most important steps that the researcher must take when designing psychological scales, as each psychological scale that is designed consists of a group of units, and the researcher must choose each of these units based on theoretical, field, experimental and statistical studies, in order to prove the validity of the unit for the intended measurement, and this study is called unit analysis.

Determining the response form: These steps are among the important steps that the researcher must take when designing psychological scales, as there are several forms of responding to the paragraphs that make up the scale, and choosing any of these units depends on the purpose of the scale, and there are many forms of determining the response, and these forms are: choosing one answer from only two options, choosing from multiple possibilities, matching, completing, free response, in addition to reordering.

Formulating the scale instructions: After the researcher finishes designing his psychological scales, he must formulate the scale instructions, so that there are instructions for the implementers, who are the people who apply the psychological scales that the researcher prepares, and instructions for the examinees, and these instructions include a simplified idea about the scale, the purpose behind its application, the method of response and the time specified for it, and providing some solved models.

Linguistic review of the items and instructions of psychological scales: The researcher must ensure the clarity of the words of the psychological scale that he is preparing, so that the examinee does not fall into confusion and misunderstanding, and gives an answer that he does not want, so he must review it and ensure its accuracy.

Presenting psychological scales to specialists: After the researcher finishes designing and preparing his psychological scale, he must present it to specialists in the field, in order to listen to their advice about the psychological scales he prepared, and whether these scales are successful and will give the guaranteed result, that he must modify things in them, and the researcher must take their opinions into consideration.

First exploratory experiment: This is the first experiment that the researcher conducts to ensure the integrity of the psychological scales he prepared, and this experiment is conducted on a small sample, and this experiment aims to ensure the validity of the instructions for the examinees, and to reach an estimate of the time it takes for the measurement, and to settle on the optimal arrangement of the paragraphs.

Second exploratory experiment: This is the experiment that the researcher conducts on the psychological scales that he prepared after he finishes modifying them according to the data of the first experiment, and these scales are tested on a larger sample than the first sample.

The basic standardization sample: This is a sample that must be chosen with great care by the researcher, and this sample must be a true representation of the category for which he is preparing the psychological scales, and through this sample the researcher ensures the integrity of the psychological scale he prepared.

Difficulties faced by the researcher: In the end, the researcher must mention all the difficulties that he encountered while designing the psychological scales, and he must also talk about the methods he followed to get rid of those difficulties