www.cdc.gov/getsmart/healthcare/implementation/core-elements.htmlمؤقتًا

Hiba,

I don´t really understand your question when you say "sources of controversy". You mean which measures of hospital antibiotic stewardship have not shown to be consistently effective in different studies?

Now, if you want to clarify the role of hospital antibiotic stewardship programs, have in mind that there is strong evidence recommending their implementation to curb the threat of antibiotic resistance in healthcare settings. You might read this article in which authors from five countries (the USA, South Africa, Colombia, Australia, and the UK) provide examples of international collaborations and approaches to antibiotic stewardship to address optimal antimicrobial prescribing.  Here, we make a call to collaborate in antibiotic stewardship as an effective and needed worldwide measure.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/310577417_A_global_call_from_five_countries_to_collaborate_in_antibiotic_stewardship_United_we_succeed_divided_we_might_fail

Article A global call from five countries to collaborate in antibiot...