We know that when a metal is corroding, anions go to the anodic sites and cations migrate to the cathodic sites and the corrosion cell acts as a closed electrical loop and corrosion of the metal proceeds.

But in the "Lithium Battery" textbook written by Christian Julien, it says that "In all the electrochemical systems, the flow of ions is always from anode to cathode for both charge and discharge processes."

So, the question is how could that be possible to have a single flow path from anode to cathode electrodes for all the ions (including negative and positive ions) in rechargeable batteries?

I think the anions (Negative ions) tend to go to the anodic sites (sites with more negative potential) and Cations (Positive ions like Li+) tend to migrate to the cathodic sites (sites with more noble potentials).

So, please contribute in my discussion by answering following questions:

1- Is the Li+ ion, the only ion which transfers from anode to cathode and vice versa ? Or we can have some other anions and cations transferring in the electrolyte and contribute in cell chemical reactions?

2- Do you believe that the Li+ ions only transfer in a single path from anode to cathode or it can transfer from cathode to anode during the charging process?

3- Why we only focus on the Li+ ion transport in Li-ion batteries and do not focus on the transportation of other ions (including the ions of cathode and anode active materials and also ions of the electrolyte) ?

Thanks