Effector tumor antigen-specific T cells (ETAST)

01 January 1970 0 8K Report

Tumor antigen-specific T cells (TASTs), a subpopulation of tumor-specific T cells in cancer-affected organisms, are the mainstay of the body's ability to specifically recognize cancer cells, and can be used as a biomarker for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy/chemoimmunotherapy combinations. Although these T cells can specifically recognize tumor antigens, not all TASTs have cytotoxic functions. The specific recognition of tumor antigens is structural specificity, whereas the ability to kill tumor cells containing such antigens after recognition is functional specificity.

Based on structural and functional specificity, TASTs are classified into three categories: (1) effector tumor antigen-specific T cells (ETASTs), which are capable of both specifically recognizing tumor antigens and specifically killing tumor cells containing the corresponding antigen after recognition of the tumor antigen; (2) regulatory tumor antigen- specific T cells (RTASTs), which can only specifically recognize tumor antigens, but instead of killing cancer cells after recognition, they inhibit the function of ETASTs; (3) Anergy tumor antigen-specific T cells (ATASTs), which can only specifically recognize tumor antigens, but after recognition, they do not kill tumor cells. antigens, but do not have the function of killing tumor cells after recognition.

Recent studies have shown a positive correlation between the levels of ETASTs in the body or peripheral blood of cancer patients and the efficacy and prognosis of combined immunotherapy/chemoimmunotherapy.ETASTs are the mainstay of the body's ability to specifically recognize and specifically kill cancer cells, and they are the real players in immunotherapy. Successful immunotherapy depends on reactivating or increasing the level of ETASTs. Detection of ETASTs in the peripheral blood of cancerous organisms may become an ideal biomarker for predicting the efficacy and prognosis of combined immunotherapy/chemoimmunotherapy.

References

[1] https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202409913

[2] https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c04049

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