Hi,
Of course. Some genus as Alnus, Acacia, Eucalyptus, Populus or Salix can create dual mycorrhizae. I found some examples in the following papers:
LODGE D.J. & WENTWORTH TR. 1990. Negative associations among VA-mycorrhizal fungi and someectomycorrhizal fungi inhabiting the same root system. Oikos57: 347–356.
MOYERSOEN B. & FITTER A.H. 1998. Presence of arbuscular mycorrhizas in typically ectomycorrhizal host species from Cameroon and New Zealand. Mycorrhiza8: 247-253.
I hope this is what you were asking,
Regards,
Aitor
Dear Pulak,
near all the variants you've mentioned are possible. Majority of plants have only one type of mycorrhiza, but some species can combine both AM and EM strategies. For example, Eucalyptus is a tree which can have both mycorrhizal types in one root system and proportion of ecto- and arbuscular root tips depends on a range of biotic and abiotic factors (e.g., the age of the plant or N or P lack dominating under certain conditions). Details you can see in
Jones M.D., Durall D.M., Tinker P.B. 1998. A comparison of arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal Eucalyptus coccifera: growth response, phosphorus uptake effi ciency and external hyphal production // New Phytologist. Vol.140. P.125–134.
Lapeyrie F.F., Chilvers G.A. 1985. An endomycorrhiza-ectomycorrhizal succession associated with enhanced growth by Eucalyptus dumosa seedlings planted in a calcarious soil // New Phytologist. Vol.100. P.93–104
Reddell P., Malajczuk N. 1984. Formation of mycorrhizae by jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata Donn ex Smith) in litter and soil // Australian Journal of Botany. Vol.32. P.511–520.
Pagano M.C., Scotti M.R. 2008. Arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal colonization of two Eucalyptus species in semiarid Brazil // Mycoscience. Vol. 49. P.379 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10267-008-0435-3
Adams F., Reddell P., Webb M.J., shipton W.A. 2006. Arbuscular mycorrhizas and ectomycorrhizas on Eucalyptus grandis (Myrtaceae) trees and seedlings in native forests of tropical north-eastern Australia // Australian Journal of Botany. Vol.54. P.271–281. http://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/BT05028.htm
As for natural ecosystems, as a rule they contain many plant species with diverse mycorrhizal types. Boreal and temperate forests have ectomycorrhizal tree layer along with predominantly arbuscular mycorrhizal herb layer. For basics on mycorrhizas and its role in broader contexts you can see Smith S.E., Read D.J. 2008. Mycorrhizal Symbiosis (Third Edition). ISBN: 978-0-12-370526-6 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780123705266.
At any case, mycorrhizal types combinations depend on plant species involved.
Best regards,
Elena
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