I have to occasionally etch tantalum to evaluate grain structure, but I often times find the etchant doesn't fully reveal the grain boundaries. Perhaps using a color etchant as well is worthwhile. Unfortunately, I cannot find resources on selecting the appropriate color etchant.

I am also now curious how one goes about developing an etchant in the first place, color or otherwise. What knowledge of chemistry is required in determining the selection of acids most effective at etching a particular specimen?

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