I think i might help in our Institute we have some experience in mine waters desalination. But the main problem for process efficiency is the concentration of ions in brines. Could you give some more details according the medium?

Do you mean the feed solution concentration? Feed TDS is around 3.7 g/l and its EC is 7.35 mS/cm (Brackish Groundwater sample) and the draw solution under test in ammonium sulphate with different concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 Mole) . I hope this answers your question.

Yes it is correct the feed solution is the key. I'll search some materials I'v got and hope will back with satisfying answer.

Great. Thank you Marcin. Appreciate your help.

Below are links to some life-cycle costs studies on desalination and RO:

http://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn/2014/175464/

http://inside.mines.edu/~tcath/publications/CathPub/20_LCA_Hybrid_ODMP.pdf

http://pacinst.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/desal-energy-ghg-full-report.pdf

http://www.weat.org/sanantonio/files/06%20-%20Summer%20Seminar%202013%20-%20Jim%20Lozier%20-%20Adv%20in%20Desal.pdf

http://www.twdb.texas.gov/publications/reports/contracted_reports/doc/0804830852_osmotic.pdf

http://vuir.vu.edu.au/21957/1/paper_kesieme%20post%20print.pdf

http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:652822/FULLTEXT01.pdf

 Thank you Mohan.. Will make sure to go through them..

Dear Peter,

Maybe the following information is useful. Attached is very recent paper on life cycle cost of hybrid FO LPRO for desalination and waste water recovery. A comparison is made with SWRO.

Best regards, Hans