A recent research study (Shahin, Naftchali, & Pool, 2014) investigated the influence of employees’ perception of organizational climate on organizational citizenship behaviour outbreak and the impact of both of them on organizational performance.
The authors performed the survey by using structural equation modelling (SEM). The statistical population composed of the managers of Mazandaran small- to medium-sized enterprises. The analysis of the data obtained from distributed survey questionnaire has been performed by SPSS18 and AMOS18 software.
Findings imply that positive perception of organizational climate influences on increasing organizational citizenship behaviour outbreak and performance of enterprise, and organizational citizenship behaviour in turn has positive and significant impact on organizational performance.
Results of the survey also indicate that organizational citizenship behaviour impacts on sub-criteria of enterprise performance (i.e. financial, customer, learning and growth, internal processes). Moreover, the influence of organizational climate on all sub-criteria of performance except internal processes has been confirmed. This survey can be considered as an innovative survey, since there is no similar survey conducted in which three variables of organizational climate, performance, and citizenship behaviour studied, considering their specified sub-criteria!
Shahin, A., Naftchali, J. S., & Pool, J. K. (2014). Developing a model for the influence of perceived organizational climate on organizational citizenship behaviour and organizational performance based on balanced score card. International Journal Of Productivity & Performance Management, 63(3), 290-307.
The attached journal is the closest study I found that seems to fit your criteria:
I was however, unable to find a scale.
Cite:
Aarons, G. A., & Sawitzky, A. C. (2006). Organizational climate partially mediates the effect of culture on work attitudes and staff turnover in mental health services. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 33(3), 289-301.
Organizational culture and climate are close constructs, as you both mentioned, but they are not the same.
The main difference between the two, is that organizational culture is all about the espoused and claimed values and norms, along with symbols and artifacts standing for those values.
Climate, on the other hand, is what is perceived by organization members as "the real deal"... what actually counts in the organization, and what will get rewarded.
For example, many organizations strive for an organizational culture valuing teamwork. They say it's important, they teach it, etc. Yet, when giving bonuses or at appraisal time, each employee is evaluated separately. So, the climate is actually not very teamwork oriented.
Another example would be employee safety. Most organizations would say that their culture is a safety culture, yet, when when an employee turns to his supervisor when their late for a project deadline, and points out that they didn't go through the checklist for all the safety rules as they should at the beginning of each day, what does the supervisor do? And if a safety error has been made, does the employee feel that he can turn to his supervisor to point out the error he made? Will he be praised for bringing it up so they can learn from it and avoided its recurrence, or will he be blamed for making the error in the first place. The answer to these questions will give important cues to the employee regarding the actual organizational climate.
A lot of work on this has been done by Dov Zohar, as well as Ben Schneider.
Take a look at the following papers (also attached):
There is some confusion regarding the two constructs of Organizational Culture and Organizational Climate. Culture refers to the stated values, beliefs, norms and symbols of the organization. Climate, on the other hand, is what is actually percieved by the members of the organization. Surprisingly, there is quite a difference between what the organization wants to stand for and believes in, and what is perceived by the organization members and is reinforced by the it's leaders.
Take a look at these papers that give a gooe review of the two constructs. Hope this helps!
Sincerely.
Article Organizational Climate and Culture
Article Transformational Leadership and Group Interaction as Climate...
Article Safety climate: Conceptual and measurement issues.