There is no theoretical or practical barrier that I no of.
I have expressed human protein in MDCK cells
What you may wish to consider is how easily you can introduce your expression construct into MDCK or other cells.
I have used adenoviral transduction to express human protein in MDCK and most cells were transuced and expressed high levels of human protein (occludin).
People use CHO cell lines because 1. Easy and consistent stable transfectable cell line 2. Very short doubling time (14-18 hours) 3. Not a cancer cell line, CHO cells became immortalized spontaneously after being placed in culture.
Probly no more special PTM in MDCK than in other kidney derived cells. I would stick with a CHO cell line.