I have seen a lot of discussions here at ResearchGate and YouTube about the one-way speed of light and two-way speed of light. Can we measure the one-way speed of light with different relative speed between the emitter and observer?
Here is two possible experimental apparatus:
1. A moving object carrying a distance measurement device similar to those used in gaming sensing that has two receivers measuring the angle of the signal from the emitter. The emitter is broadcasting its clock like GPS in the frequency domain. Even if the light is blue shifted or red shifted, the frequency pattern maintains so the receiver can still tell the time of the signal is emitted when it receives the signal. At the same time, it can measure the distance between itself and the emitter by measuring the angle of the light. Even if the space is curved, within a certain approximation the distance is still measurable from the angle.
2. A rotating wheel carries a receiver, and the emitter is fixed with the time synchronized by a computer sits exactly in the middle of the wires. Switch the emitter and detector to test if there is a media to carry the light wave.
It is impossible to measure the speed of light in one direction.
No more or less than it's possible to measure the ``one-way speed'' of anything.
Of course it's possible that emitter and receiver have velocities with respect to some other frame and, of course, it's possible to describe quantitatively what happens. These are all standard exercises and are taken into account as backgrounds when performing real measurements. But what must be understood is that there are many, equivalent, ways of measuring any quantity and not all ways are equally useful to implement. That's why people usually study physics to learn which ways are the most useful at any moment to perform some measurement.
Unfortunately for many century we say" speed of light" but we never ask what kind of light?
If you're talking about sunlight that has infinite different frequencies, and wavelength, I would say No. We must have many info..
But if you are talking about flashlight that science is following it I would say Yes.
Article Title: Science is wrong on…Light & Photon
If two space shuttles are sent from the Earth as the reference frame of still to two opposite directions with a speed 0.7 speed of light. What is the relative speed between these two space shuttles? My guess is it is still defined as 1 speed of light according to Einstein's theory of special relativity. In order to make the math work, the space between the two space shuttles has to be contracted and the time has to be dilated using the Lorentz transformation. Both look only slightly distorted on Earth though but significantly distort when switching the reference between the space shuttles. It is even worse that according to one shuttle, the other does not exist in the time if the speed of light is related to the emitter because there is no physical way to communicate between these two.
As such the fact that light travels at a certain speed related to any reference frame are not special at all. Under different reference frames, this can be rather confusing although if light is the only communication method it does work in math.
If we ignore the light and whatever information it carries and only trust a postman traveling at a very slow speed in the universe compared to light, then we can certainly set the speed limit to that postman and come up with a Lorentz transformation using the speed of the postman as the messenger and nothing change to the math just rewrite the speed of light to say 100 miles per hour. It is just anything interesting when focused will cause the space to expand at a crazy speed.
I don't know why Einstein treated the light special at all.
It takes light and the gravitational field from the Sun to reach Earth in 8 minutes. The Sun is orbiting the Galaxy with a speed of 230 km/s, i.e. we feel the sun 0.1 Mkm away from its current location at the Earth's point of view. The Earth and Sun distance is 150 Mkm. So, is the Sun now on our orbit plane or the Sun 8 minutes ago on our orbit plane?
If we are co-plane with the 8-min ago Sun, then an observer from the side will see the Sun is above the Earth orbit plane about 0.1 Mkm or has an angle of about 0.24 degree.
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