Can the temporal changes and trends of precipitation and temperature in the western region of Amhara, Ethiopia be analyzed synoptically? Aren't the changes in rainfall and temperature due to successive droughts? What is the role of monsoons in the Indian Ocean in this region of the Horn of Africa?

Over Western Amhara, Ethiopia. 75 meteorological stations of daily rainfall and 49 stations of daily maximum and minimum temperature were collected from 1989 to 2018 from West Amhara Meteorological Service Center. Then, after quality control, the daily data were arranged in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using statistical analysis software. (XLSTAT), Arc GIS 10.3 software and R program. The results showed that Western Amhara receives the highest rainfall in the country. Bega, Belg and Kiremt receive 100-300mm, 120-350mm, 800-1600mm and 1100-2000mm respectively. The particle for the direct object statistics shows that the maximum and minimum temperature of the region increased by 0.0905°C and 0.0886°C. respectively. Similarly, rainfall trends increased slightly during Belg, Kermat and Annual seasons, but not during Bega season, rainfall variability was high, with coefficient of variation (CV = 48.42% and CV = 37.2%) in Bega and according to Belgian seasons, but the rainfall variability in Kermet was average and annual (CV = 29.02% and CV = 27.79%). Also, the results showed that the Avi zone has the best distribution of rainfall, which is mostly more than 1600 mm. Some points of this area. Like Anjibara and Tilili, it received more than 2200 mm of rainfall in the west of Gandhar.This study was carried out in the west of Amhara and 9°80 to 14°N. and the Tigray in the north. It comprises a chain of plateaus ranging from less than 700 meters above sea level to 4,620 meters at Ras Dashen, Ethiopia's highest peak, as well as plains, midlands and highlands, mountains and rugged terrain. Influenced by several variables, including its varied topographical features, Tai states that the climate of the Amhara region can be divided into three categories based on altitude: the Kola (warm zone) below 1,500 square meters, which accounts for 31% of the area; to give Woyina Dega (warm zone) between 1500 and 2500 square meters, which accounts for 44% of the area. and dega (cold zone) between 2,500 and 4,620 square meters, which constitutes 25% of the area. The average annual temperature in the region is between 15 and 21 °C, although it reaches 27 °C in the valleys and marginal areas.