Yes, the Cre-LoxP system can be used in clinical trials, primarily for gene editing or cell therapy applications. A residual LoxP site generally isn't harmful, but it could potentially disrupt gene function if it is inserted in a critical region of the genome.
Yes, the potential harmfulness of loxP sites can indeed depend on their location within the genome. Inserting loxP sites into regions with essential genes or regulatory elements could disrupt normal gene function, leading to unintended consequences. Conversely, placing loxP sites in non-coding or less critical regions might pose fewer risks. Therefore, careful consideration of the genomic context is crucial when designing genetic modifications using the Cre-LoxP system.