My first thought is there might be a better measure for psychological distress that's less general than the GHQ-12. But also, regarding you question about the past hurricane and measuring psychological distress now, the only way you might justify that study would be to compare your hurricane survivors with a benchmark of control subjects who are of similar age/descriptions, etc. Because otherwise, there is no way to conjecture whether any current distress results from the hurricane or not. Another option to consider might be to construct (or find) a survey or questionnaire specifically relating to effects of disaster/hurricane survival.
Some of these instruments have criteria for timing. For example, the PHQ-9 asks how you have felt a particular way in the past two weeks. That would simply not work. We have used instruments asking about lifetime history of victimization and discrimination in subjects that are part of the National Health, Aging and Sexuality/gender study but real bias is always a problem doing this.