i need to identify suicide ideators, which will be the easily administered questionaire
Hi, Rakshanda,
perhaps this overview will help you select the expected measurement tool among many used?
"A Systematic Review and Evaluation of Measures for Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors in Population-Based Research", Batterham, Philip J.; Ftanou, Maria; Pirkis, Jane; Brewer, Jacqueline L.; Mackinnon, Andrew J.; Beautrais, Annette; Fairweather-Schmidt, A. Kate; Christensen, Helen;Psychological Assessment, Vol 27(2), Jun 2015, 501-512
Best of luck, Renata
Dear Rakshanda,
The authors to these papers are here on Rg so you can also discuss with them:
Article Suicidal Ideation Among Italian and Spanish Young Adults: Th...
Article Proposed Scales for Measuring Suicidal Ideation in Adult Can...
Article Measuring suicidal ideation: Validity and reliability of the...
Article A clinical measure of suicidal ideation, suicidal behavior, ...
Dear Rakshanda,
Can you give us more information about why you need to identify people thinking about suicide and what type of setting you would be working in?
I'm asking because some clinicians assume that patients must have had suicidal ideation in order to have suicidal behaviors. This allows them to reason that asking about the suicidal ideation will always highlight all patents that experience any type of suicidality. However, there have been many reports of patients experiencing suicidal behaviors without having had the suicidal ideation. If these patients are only asked about suicidal ideation then their suicidal behaviors will not be identified by only asking about suicidal ideation. For this reason and other potential issues like suicidal command hallucinations, I recommend a thorough full suicidality assessment scale, such as the InterSePT Scale for Suicidal Thinking - Plus (ISST-Plus) or the Sheehan - Suicidality Tracking Scale (S-STS). A study was published last year which validated these two scales against one another and against the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale.
Article Comparative Validation of the S-STS, the ISST-Plus, and the ...
From: The psychiatric ER survival guide, by James L. Knoll, IV MD1. Presenting event (eg.suicide attempt, homicide)
a Trigger
b Plan (lethality, notes)
c Action taken on plan (hoarded pills, firearm purchase)
d Presence of substance use, impulsivity
e Degree of hopelessness
f What stopped event- how found
g Attitude + behaviour after found
2. Recent events:
a Elicit, uncover, explore
b Assess frequency, duration, intensity
3. Past events:
a Most lethal attempt
b number of attempts
4 Immediate events:
a Current mental status, attitudes and behaviour
b Current intentiions
(Constant risk enhancing factors:
Past attempts
Family history
Chronic physical illness
Male gender
Conviction of violent offense
Hx of childhood abuse
Lengthy sentence
Single or divorced status
Recent (3-6 months) inpatient psychiatric treatment
Changeable risk enhancing factors:
Depression
Suicidal ideas, plans or intention
lethality of available methods
Hopelessness
Irritability, anger, rage
Psychosis
Impulsivity
Severe anxiety or panic symptoms
severe agitation
recent substance use
unemployment
Anytime risk enhancing factors:
Life crisis
Humiliation
Chronic pain or physical illness
Extremely concerning risk enhancing factors:
Severe anxiety and rumination, agitated depression
Acts of anticipation (Like giving away belongings)
Insomnia
Suicidal plan
Access to suicidal means
Psychosis with delusions of poverty or doom
Recent substance abuse
Risk reducing factors:
Willingness to accept help
Future oriented plans and goals
Hopefulness
Good social support
Absence of suicidal ideas or intention
Stable mood
Low severity of mental illness symptoms
Religious prohibitions
Moral objections
Good luck.
Sorry, you were asking for a scale to use, so this answer will serve you better- it comes in an easy to use one page format.
Psy-World - Scale of Suicidal Ideation
www.psy-world.com/ssi.htm
Scale of suicidal ideation used to evaluate a patient's suicidal intentions. It can also be used to monitor a patient's response to interventions over time.
Items: 19
Responses: choice of 3 responses to each item
Points assigned to each choice, maximum 38 , indicative of severity.
1. Wish to live
moderate to strong
0
weak
1
none
2
2. Wish to die
none
0
weak
1
moderate to strong
2
3. Reasons for living/dying
for living outweigh for dying
0
about equal
1
for dying outweigh for living
2
4. Desire to make active suicide attempt
none
0
weak
1
moderate to strong
2
5. Passive suicidal desire
would take precautions to save life
0
would leave life/death to chance
1
would avoid steps necessary to save or maintain life
2
6. Duration of suicide ideation/ wish
brief fleeting periods
0
longer periods
1
continuous (chronic) or almost continuous
2
7. Frequency of suicide ideation
rare occasional
0
intermittent
1
persistent or continuous
2
8. Attitude toward ideation/wish
rejecting
0
ambivalent indifferent
1
accepting
2
9. Control over suicidal action/ acting-out wish
has sense of control
0
unsure of control
1
has no sense of control
2
10. Deterrents to active attempt
would not attempt because of a deterrent
0
some concern about deterrents
1
minimal or no concern about deterrents
2
11. Reason for contemplated attempt
to manipulate the environment; get attention or revenge
0
combination of desire to manipulate and to escape
1
escape surcease solve problems
2
12. Method: specificity or planning of contemplated attempt
not considered
0
considered but details not worked out
1
details worked out and well-formulated
2
13. Method: availability or opportunity for contemplated attempt
method not available or no opportunity
0
method would take time or effort; opportunity not readily available
1
method and opportunity available
2
future opportunity or availability of method anticipated
2
14. Sense of "capability" to carry out attempt
no courage too weak afraid incompetent
0
unsure of courage or competence
1
sure of competence courage
2
15. Expectancy/anticipation of actual attempt
no
0
uncertain not sure
1
yes
2
16. Actual preparation for contemplated attempt
none
0
partial
1
complete
2
17. Suicide note
none
0
started but not completed; only thought about
1
completed
2
18. Final acts in anticipation of death
none
0
thought about or made some arrangements
1
made definite plans or completed arrangements
2
19. Deception or concealment of contemplated suicide
revealed ideas openly
0
held back on revealing
1
attempted to deceive conceal or lie
2
Original references:
Beck AT Kovacs M Weissman A. Assessment of suicidal intention: The scale of suicide ideation. J Consult Clin Psychology. 1979; 47: 343-352.
Beck AT Steer RA Rantieri WF. Scale for suicide ideation: Psychometric properties of a self-report version. J Clin Psychology. 1988; 44: 499-505.
...and I recommend you read NIGHT FALLS FAST by Kay Redfield Jamison; DARKNESS VISIBLE by William Styron; THE STRANGER by Albert Camus; and THE BELL JAR by Sylvia Plath...
There is no ONE scale and the above great works about suicidality might help you identify what you are looking to measure
Although an ambitious undertaking, I recommend obtaining training in the MMPI-2/MMPI-2-RF. There is extensive empirical research linking several scales to increased risk of suicide. RCd (demoralization, hopelessness, helplessness), SUI (suicidal/death ideation), RC9 elevation (poor impulse control), BXD (behavioral/externalizing dysfunction) correlate with increased risk of suicide. I recommend Ben-Porath's "Interpreting the MMPI-2-RF", University of Minnesota Press (2012). It is an extremely rich resource. This has been invaluable in my private psychiatric practice.
Although an ambitious undertaking, I recommend obtaining training in the MMPI-2/MMPI-2-RF. There is extensive empirical research linking several scales to increased risk of suicide. RCd (demoralization, hopelessness, helplessness), SUI (suicidal/death ideation), RC9 elevation (poor impulse control), BXD (behavioral/externalizing dysfunction) correlate with increased risk of suicide. I recommend Ben-Porath's "Interpreting the MMPI-2-RF", University of Minnesota Press (2012). It is an extremely rich resource. This has been invaluable in my private psychiatric practice.
Actually I have to identify suicide ideators from different higher secondary schools and I was asking to recommend a scale in this regard
Consider:
1.Sheehan
2.InterSept
Article The InterSePT suicide scale for prediction of imminent suici...
Article Comparative Validation of the S-STS, the ISST-Plus, and the ...
As an FYI, all versions of the Sheehan - Suicidality Tracking Scale (the standard, the Clinically Meaningful Change Measure, and the pediatric versions) and all of the related documents are now available from HarmResearch.org
http://harmresearch.org/index.php/suicidality/assessment-scales-and-structured-interview/sheehan-suicidality-tracking-scale-s-sts/
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