We generally use HNO3 for the digestion of most of the metals in effluent waters. But for digestion of As containing waters, we always put HCl. Why ????
Who is 'we'? I never 'digest' As-containing water; why would one?
Acidification of water samples is typically done with HNO3 because analysis may be done by ICP-QMS, and Cl forms more interfering species than does HNO3 for that method.
I seldom use HCl to dissolve solid samples unless I am trying to dissolve Fe or a few other exotics such as Sn or Ti , which like a bit of help from HCl.