for nostoc we can use chu 10 medium with low level of microelements in the composition of medium and for phytoplankton we can prepare synthetic ocean or pond water by adding trace elements in it. and for macroalga calcium chloride ,sodium bicarbonate and some trace elements we can add to prepare the artificial medium for seaweeds that is macroalgae.
For Nostoc many labs use Bg11 (see e.g. http://microbiology.ucdavis.edu/meeks/BG11medium.html). Fot phytoplankton the media depens on the species you want to grow (freshwater, marine etc).
The best resource for algal growth media is "Algal Culturing Techniques," a book by Robert Andersen. If you're going to do any serious algal culture work I highly recommend buying a copy.