@ Felix, Thanks for this interesting paper. Can we use the MODIS-derived spectral albedo at e.g. 550nm or your "critical surface albedo" to correct the large AOD bias in MODIS retrievals over reflective surfaces, like arid areas over the southwest US? The bias in MODIS AOD is often considerable there (typically in the 100-400% range). In my experience, MISR behaves better, but still has a large bias. Over darker surfaces, MODIS performs better than MISR, again in my experience.
So my question is, what can we do to correct this problem? Data fusion is one potential solution, but there are not many Aeronet stations where we need them most for this purpose.
Another question is about the temporal overlap issue you mention.I agree with you if the purpose is to evaluate an instantaneous AOD. But in many applications, what we aim for is daily, or even just monthly, AOD. It is then impossible to perfectly synchronize the observations and MODIS L3 aggregated products. What would you suggest?
Regarding the aerosol transport models, I have been using the MACC reanalysis (2003-2012), whose model is constrained by MODIS obs. On paper, this is a good solution. So far, however, its accuracy appears relatively poor, particularly over the problem regions--precisely because it uses MODIS obs that are biased in the first place.
There are other models too (like GOCART), but in general I found that their accuracy is poor compared to satellite obs.
Do you think there could be a correlation between the MODIS-observed albedo at 550 nm and the bias in its AOD derivation at that wavelength? Do you anticipate an improvement with Collection 6?