Nature based solution are in important issue for water remediation. Thanks to their ability to filter and absorb pollutants, they can be fundamental. A particular interest in the remediation of waste water of animal origin, to depollute water and simultaneously produce biomass

Wish to add to the answer given by Dr. GR :

NbSs are the best to process any water at source.

First we take care of physical impurities using NbS ie 3 distinct methods

1. Matter heavier than water sg say more than 1.0 - 1.5 would settle at the bottom of the tank of vessel

2. We can draw light matter sg less than 1.0 to float and removed by skimming matter at top ie on surface

3. Matter with sg between .9 to 1.5 are particles in suspension..ie trying to guess whether I should float or sink..

These are treated with Coagulants to consolidation of matter gathered and led to sink to bottom of tank.

Thus initial physical matter in water is removed by NbSs as explained..

Process of warming up the water, settling and floatation process initiated.

Now consider chemical corrections ie salts already dissolved in water, pH is measured and accordingly corrected bio acid or alkaies are added to make neutral ie pH @ 7.0.

The biological and microbiological corrections are done. By UV exposure

and phyto Remediation used applying varied plants sp.

Harmful nutrients salts are fixed in plants These plants sp. employed are " sacrificial plants,

These plants need to be disposed off as needed.

Certain practices like extended aeration by applying water by way of sprays and jets in connection with ambient air fixing O2 and aeration done.

This in general summarise the total treatment of water Etc..

.. wll wshs

Prof Ajit Seshadri

Vels University

Chennai India

Giuliano Regonesi and Ajit Seshadri Thanks for your relevent contribution