Dear Jose,

Much aquaculture is done in freshwater systems including ponds and recirculating aquaculture systems. There are, however, a number of challenges with these systems, and engineers can and must contribute to enhancing productivity while simultaneously improving sustainability. Among these challenges are: 1) salinity; 2) wave energy; 3) coastal storms; 4) distance; 5) waste management; 6) nutrient efficiency; 7) impacts on natural fisheries; and 8) competition with other human uses. Both reality and perception are very important for expansion of coastal aquaculture.

Hope it is helpful for you.

Ashish