We use OptiPRO™ SFM 1X, liquid (#12309-019) from Invitrogen but you have to follow the manufacturer's instructions to adapt your cells to serum-free medium before moving to vaccine production
Depends on the growth characteristics of your virus. Some viruses don't grow very well in SFM. If your virus grows well in SFM then it is perfered because it reduces the cost of vaccine production.
It is always preferred and encouraged to avoid the usage of animal origin components (such as blood products) in the vaccine production medium, otherwise they should comply with the WHO Guidelines on Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies and should be approved by the regulatory agency. You can use serum free media such as OptiPRO™ SFM from Gibco (as told by Mr. Todd) and or from other sources. HyClone SFM4MegaVir™ claims that process yields can be increased for viral vaccines like Influenzae A and Polio viruses in a variety of cell lines including Vero,COS-7, MDCK and MDBK.
Whatever SFM you use, first you have to adopt your cell lines in these media. As per my experience SFM always end up in low process yields.
2. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA)
3. Human platelet lysates
4. Bovine calf serum is an appropriate and cheaper alternative to FBS especially for amniotic fluid cells and some robust cells, such as HSC-3.
5. The supplement Zap-SR (InVitria) can effectively reduce the amount of serum needed to propagate any given cell type (to 90%). Using an optimized level of Zap-SR and serum is actually cheaper than using the same basal medium that contains 10% serum.