Adrenal stress is the modern misunderstood syndrome that affects most of us to varying degrees. Stress, whether physical, emotional or environmental, can stimulate a cascade of hormone production by the adrenals which includes adrenaline, noradrenaline and cortisol.
Adrenaline is the most famous of the three stress hormones and acts like an ‘upper’ helping to enhance the function of all our body’s systems in order to meet the demands of stress such as circulation. Noradrenaline is the body’s modulating hormone working to keep us revved up without causing stress to our body’s systems including the heart. Cortisol is the body’s ‘downer’ working to bring the body back into its normal healthy state when it has been revved up for too long or once the stressor has gone away.
Lana Abid Mansor
I brought two articles for you to reflect on, one of them is mine and the other is from the Brazilian Society of Diabetes:
1. https://diabetes.org.br/o-que-voce-precisa-saber-sobre-estresse-e-diabetes-6/
2. https://environmentalsmoke.com.br/index.php/EnvSmoke/article/view/194
and I share for you my point of view on stress
stress is: it is all exogenous cause and effect that physiologically are neuroimmunoendocrine triggers of cognitive-dependent response, which allostatically lead the system to homeostasis by nature regardless of the cause of its damage, be it benign and/or deleterious, in the acute form of bioinformational character and in the immunopathogenic chronic form. (SOETHE RAMOS et al. 2022)
Dear Doctor
Go To
Adrenocortical dysregulation as a major player in insulin resistance and onset of obesity
Claude Roberge et al. (2007)
01 DEC 2007https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00516.2007
"Abstract
The aim of this review is to explore the dysregulation of adrenocortical secretions as a major contributor in the development of obesity and insulin resistance. Disturbance of adipose tissue physiology is one of the primary events in the development of pathologies associated with the metabolic syndrome, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Several studies indicate that alterations in metabolism of glucocorticoids (GC) and androgens, as well as aldosterone in excess, are involved in the emergence of metabolic syndrome. Cross talk among adipose tissue, the hypothalamo-pituitary complex, and adrenal gland activity plays a major role in the control of food intake, glucose metabolism, lipid storage, and energy balance. Perturbation of this cross talk induces alterations in the regulatory mechanisms of adrenocortical steroid synthesis, secretion, degradation, and/or recycling, at the level of the zonae glomerulosa (aldosterone), fasciculata (GC and GC metabolites), and reticularis (androgens and androgen precursors DHEA and DHEAS). As a whole, these adrenocortical perturbations contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome at both the paracrine and systemic level by favoring the physiological dysregulation of organs responsive to aldosterone, GC, and/or androgens, including adipose tissue.
insulin resistance (IR), which is characterized by an insufficiency in insulin action, is associated with pathologies related to the metabolic syndrome, such as central obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidimia, and leads to increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Common forms of obesity and type 2 diabetes are polygenic diseases, resulting from complex interactions between genetic predispositions and environmental factors (18, 42), with particular importance of dietary fat intake (114, 146). Current data converge to indicate that dysregulation in adipose tissue physiology is one of the primary events in the development of insulin resistance (52, 109, 111), although other insulin- and glucocorticoid-responsive organs such as skeletal muscles and liver may also play a primary role (144, 168). Several publications and reviews also point to glucocorticoids (GC) (151, 190) and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) as key players in controlling adipose tissue physiology (187). However, several reports indicate cross-talk relationships among the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the melanocortin pathways, and the adipose tissue. Combination of certain gene variants with environmental factors, such as overheating, sedentarity, and chronic stress, appears to alter this cross talk, hence inducing perturbations in the regulatory mechanisms of adrenocortical steroid synthesis, secretion, degradation, and/or recycling. The aim of the present review is to explore the dysregulation of adrenocortical secretions as a major contributor in the development of obesity and insulin resistance."
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