What part of the beam power is spent on evaporation during keyhole laser welding? How to prove it?

According to the estimates only about 1 percent of the beam power is expended on evaporation (up to 60 % is expended on thermal conductivity and about 40% on melting). On the other hand, there are...

10 November 2018 1,091 5 View

How much welds it need to do for the designing of high quality laser welding technology without any pores using trial-and-error method of designing?

The laser welding of responsible products (shipbuilding, aerospace, nuclear industry, automobile industry, equipment for oil and gas industry, etc.) is associated with high requirements to the...

01 January 1970 850 3 View

Laser welding simulation - physical or surrogate model? Why the surrogate model is masked as a physical one in reality?

To interpret the hydrodynamics of deep penetration welding, an evaporative model is usually used, taking into account the melt flow resulting from the action of high-pressure steam. However, the...

01 January 1970 9,237 3 View

What is the production process of CaFe ferroalloys?

I looking for ferro calcium production process

03 March 2021 1,755 4 View

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02 March 2021 324 2 View

12% ledeburitic cold work tool steel, etched for revealing retained austenite, any help for clarifying?

Hello everyone. Given microstructure image belongs to a 12% ledeburitic cold work tool steel (annealed and tempered). The sample was etched with picral (100 mL ethanol and 4 g picric acid). I...

02 March 2021 4,119 3 View

Why Austenite grains in steel show much more twinning than ferrite grains?

It is oftentimes said to be a distinctive metallographic trait that differentiates a fully austenitic and a fully felly ferritic steel without etching that might distinguish between two. Why...

02 March 2021 728 2 View

How Can I bring as much common elements in steel as possible to calculate stable phase(s) in OpenCalphad?

As I was tweaking step-by-step OpenCalphad6 Macros step1.ocm involving phase and thermal property calculation of a High-speed steel, I could not incorporate more than 6 elements in the steel...

01 March 2021 8,840 1 View

I need to accelerate corrosion in steel parts that are used in a salt-water environment. Is there a technique for doing so?

I have a structure that employs d-ring swiveling tie-downs that corrode during use and become "frozen". I have sample swivel assemblies that I wish to corrode to see if I can free them using one...

01 March 2021 3,739 3 View

How to Eliminate cosine error and abbe error in LASER measurement system(for example Rhenishaw XL80)?

I like to do project in laser measurement system. My objective is to eliminate or reduce the cosine error, abbe error in Laser measurement system. I have Rhenishaw XL80 system. Please tell the...

28 February 2021 4,890 3 View

Why is my platinum counter electrode getting dirty during electrodeposition?

I am conducting anodic electrodeposition of MnO2 onto a stainless steel substrate, using a platinum strip as a counter electrode. This is done galvanostatically, with the current held between 5...

27 February 2021 1,829 3 View

What is the value of Conference Review Paper?

How much value does a review paper carry in a higher study aspirant student's profile which is presented in a Peer Reviewed Scopus Indexed conference?

27 February 2021 2,068 3 View

How to measure angle between laser travel path and machine axis in Laser Measurement system?

25 February 2021 1,987 3 View