prompts, commitments, feedback, social norms, incentives, and convenience have all been shown to effectively promote proenvironmental behavior–-at least in some contexts, for some behaviors, and for some individuals.... Schultz, P. (2014). Strategies for promoting proenvironmental behavior: Lots of tools but few instructions. European Psychologist, 19(2), 107.

Cost/ economy.

Existing market positions and structures.

1- infrastructure is required for implementing renewables (technical factor)

2- Cost (economic factor)

3- Societal factor

In my opinion, pro-ecological reforms in such countries are so slow because the governments of these countries allocate little financial resources from the state budget to these reforms. In addition, in some countries the lobby of mining companies extracting energy and energy plants based on classical energy sources producing electricity during the combustion of minerals is very strong and it happens in some countries that these companies slow down the processes of energy reforms.

Best wishes

I think it is moving forward, but it should be highlighted more.

I agree with many points said above.

Eco-innovations are against the mainstream, which means a market must be there and access must be guaranteed.

E.g. Eletronic cars vs. fossil fuel cars, Solar power vs. atomic power...

Interests of the current stakeholders (producers of conventional cars, of atomic power, etc.) and their lobbyists and major politicians are in contrast to new (green) eco-innovations (they may be wanted by the Greens and parts of the population but not of the conservative money people)...

It is/has been not always so slow. For example Germany and Spain have had quite notable uptake of solar energy technology. Initially that cost quite some subsidy, but as the policies of various countries have stimulated efficiency improvement in solar panels, much lower - if any - subsidies are needed recently, depending on electricity distribution pricing and regulation.

The challenge is to run this transformation process against reasonable cost, i.e. by rewarding efficiency improvements. On the other hand (old) power companies should get (and take!) the chance to adapt. Market restructuring should be expected, but wide spread bankruptcies of (old) power companies may get harmful to society.

Dear Colleagues and Friends from RG,

I suggest continuing the discussion on the following topic:

The revolution of green technologies in the future as an element of sustainable development.

The above discussion inspired me to formulate the following question:

Will there be a revolution in the development of green technologies in the 21st century?

On the basis of the above considerations and conclusions from the discussion on interesting issues discussed, I formulated the following thesis that in connection with the growing importance of problems arising from environmental pollution and climate change, i.e. the rapidly growing global warming process in the 21st century, one of the important areas of new revolutions Innovative green technologies should be in science and industry. The creation of innovative, green technologies is one of the main elements of implementation into economic processes of sustainable pro-ecological development carried out in accordance with the green economy philosophy.

Below I have described the key determinants confirming the formulated research thesis. To the above discussion I would like to add the following conclusion formulated as a summary of my previous considerations on this topic: Determinants of green technology development.

Research conducted for many years by climatologists confirms that the global warming process is mainly caused by an increase in greenhouse gas emissions generated by the energy sector based on classic energy generating electricity from mineral combustion and the automotive industry also based on internal combustion engines. Unfortunately, conventional technologies in many industries and industrial sectors still dominate in many countries. On the other hand, in some countries green technologies are increasingly being developed. Commercial companies and public institutions financed or co-financed from subsidies received from the state's public finance system participate in this process. These processes are usually inspired, initiated and co-financed by the state. Ecological innovations are increasingly being developed within the system of implementing the principles of sustainable pro-ecological economic development conducted according to the concept of green economy and projects as well as pro-ecological reforms financed from green finance funds.

The development of green technologies is important because every day in many media there is more information about the growing scale of devastation of the natural environment through the development of human civilization. In recent years, environmental pollution has been increasing and the global warming process is increasing rapidly. Research conducted for many years by climatologists confirms that the global warming process is mainly caused by an increase in greenhouse gas emissions generated by the energy sector based on classic energy generating electricity from mineral combustion and the automotive industry also based on internal combustion engines. In addition, innovations in the field of renewable energy sources should be created and implemented as soon as possible.

Consequently, conventional technologies in many industries and industrial sectors still dominate in many countries. For example, in my country currently only 15 percent. electricity is generated from renewable energy sources and the remaining 85% from traditional energy based on burning minerals. By 2030, it is planned to increase the share of electricity production from renewable energy sources to 32 percent. This is not much considering that in many countries this plan is set at a minimum of 50 percent. energy production from renewable energy sources in 2030. In addition, an important determinant of the necessary pro-ecological reforms in the energy sector, which should be implemented in the next decade, is the problem of rapidly growing greenhouse gas emissions in recent years, the global warming process that is progressing faster and the resulting weather anomalies and climatic disasters that are more and more frequent including forest fires, drought in green areas and agriculture, melting glaciers, flooding in coastal areas, etc.

On the other hand, in some countries green technologies are increasingly being developed. Commercial companies and public institutions financed or co-financed from subsidies received from the state's public finance system participate in this process. These processes are usually inspired, initiated and co-financed by the state. Ecological innovations are increasingly being developed within the system of implementing the principles of sustainable pro-ecological economic development conducted according to the concept of green economy and projects as well as pro-ecological reforms financed from green finance funds. The development of green technologies is important because every day in many media there is more information about the growing scale of devastation of the natural environment through the development of human civilization. In recent years, environmental pollution has been increasing and the global warming process is increasing rapidly.

The energy sector should be changed as soon as possible and reformed in order to develop renewable energy sources. Classic energy sources based on the combustion of minerals should be replaced by energy technologies based on renewable energy sources, i.e. first of all solar, wind, water and possibly also nuclear energy should be developed. In view of the above, in the context of increasingly faster climate change processes, accelerating global warming process, increasing environmental pollution, systems for international financing of pro-ecological projects should be created. As part of these systems, international institutions should be created to finance projects for implementing ecological reforms, creating and implementing eco-innovation, etc. Grants should be awarded for research projects in the field of renewable energy development.

In addition, innovations in the field of renewable energy sources should be created and implemented as soon as possible. The energy sector should be changed as soon as possible and reformed in order to develop renewable energy sources. Classic energy sources based on the combustion of minerals should be replaced by energy technologies based on renewable energy sources, i.e. first of all solar, wind, water and possibly also nuclear energy should be developed. In view of the above, in the context of increasingly faster climate change processes, accelerating global warming process, increasing environmental pollution, systems for international financing of pro-ecological projects should be created. As part of these systems, international institutions should be created to finance projects for implementing ecological reforms, creating and implementing eco-innovation, etc. Grants should be awarded for research projects in the field of renewable energy development.

In connection with the above, it is necessary to increase expenditure in all countries on ecological reforms in order to implement the principles of sustainable ecological development according to the green economy philosophy. In addition, international financing systems for the creation and implementation of eco-friendly innovations and eco-friendly reforms in many branches of modern economies should be developed, primarily in the energy sector through the development of renewable energy sources. National and international systems for financing pro-ecological reforms in the green finance formula should be developed.

The next dozen or so years is the last moment to carry out the necessary ecological reforms to avoid the chain reaction of increasing climatic cataclysms and reduce the scale of environmental pollution and protect most of the remaining biosphere, biodiversity from irreversible degradation. Therefore, humanity should reduce greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible, energy based on renewable energy sources, electromobility, organic farming, waste sorting, recycling, etc. should be developed. Therefore, financial outlays for creating new ecological innovations, green technologies and their implementation in industry.

In line with the above, in my opinion, due to the growing significance of problems resulting from environmental pollution and climate change, i.e. the rapidly growing global warming process in the 21st century, one of the important areas of new revolutions in science and industry should be innovative, green technologies. The creation of innovative, green technologies is one of the main elements of implementation into economic processes of sustainable pro-ecological development carried out in accordance with the green economy philosophy.

Do you agree with me on the above matter?

In view of the above, I am asking you the following questions:

- In connection with the growing importance of problems resulting from environmental pollution and climate change, i.e. the rapidly growing global warming process in the 21st century, should one of the important areas of new revolutions in science and industry be innovative, green technologies?

- Will there be a revolution in the development of green technologies in the 21st century?

- What are the main systemic, economic and political determinants of green technology development?

- What do you think about this topic?

- What is your opinion on this topic?

Please reply.

I invite you to discussion and scientific cooperation.

Thank you very much.

Best wishes.

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Hello everyone, Thank you very much for participating in this discussion, for valuable tips, supplements, inspiring theses and new insights on the above issues. I would like to add the following question to this discussion: If the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) Coronavirus pandemic increases the ecological awareness of society, will the pandemic contribute to accelerating the implementation of ecological innovations in economic processes?

What is your opinion on this topic?

Thank you very much,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Eco-innovation and ecosystem engineering is new. Technology transfer and governmental policy hinder it. Cost of establishment is higher than the cost of maintenance of existing innovations.

Dear Dairiusez,

There are two important reasons by which reform process are underline slow.

1. Extended energy taxes on fossil heating and power plant fuels.

2.The tax base of the waste tax has been extended to private landfill sites and the tax increased. The objective of the waste tax reform is to promote the utilization of waste.

3. Still old business models into eco-friendly and sustainable business models through partnerships

Refer site:

https://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecoap/sites/ecoap_stayconnected/files/field/field-country-files/eio_country_brief_2010_finland.pdf

Ashish

Dear Taiwo Alare, Ashish Thakur,

Thank you very much for participating in this discussion and for providing inspiring and informative responses. I am very glad that the discussion on this important topic is developing.

Thank you very much and best regards, Have a nice day,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

prompts, commitments, feedback, social norms, incentives, and convenience have all been shown to effectively promote proenvironmental behavior–-at least in some contexts, for some behaviors, and for some individuals.... Schultz, P. (2014). Strategies for promoting proenvironmental behavior: Lots of tools but few instructions. European Psychologist, 19(2), 107.

Lack of awareness...Sapiains, R., Beeton, R. J., & Walker, I. A. (2015). The dissociative experience: mediating the tension between people's awareness of environmental problems and their inadequate behavioral responses. Ecopsychology, 7(1), 38-47.

Lack of Int'l co-operation...Dziawgo, E. (2014). Real options in the assessment of the company’s pro-ecological investments. Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting, 3(1), 61-71.

Implementation issues... Zeqir, V., Behxhet, M., & Zenel, K. (2019). Pro-ecological Views of Kosovar Teachers Measured by Endorsement of the New Ecological Paradigm Statements. Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability, 21(1), 88-102.

Political n legal constraints... Wahed, L., & Zaharia, R. M. (2019). Political and Legal Factors’ Influence in Motivating Pro-ecological Behaviour of the Firm: The Case of the Queen Monaco Company (Romania). PRO-ECOLOGICAL RESTRUCTURING OF COMPANIES| Case Studies, 5.

Challenges related to policy/legal consistency... Witczak, J. (2019). Law Changes and International Standards in the Field of Ecoinnovation. PRO-ECOLOGICAL RESTRUCTURING OF COMPANIES| Case Studies, 171.

Dear D A Gayan Nayanajith,

Thank you very much for your response. Thank you very much for participating in the discussion and for answering the question: Why is the process of implementing proecological reforms in energy and other eco-innovations so slow?. Thank you very much for the given bibliographic sources and participation in the discussion. You added an interesting point to our considerations. Very interesting considerations. A very inspiring and interesting answer. I am glad that the answers to the above question in this discussion are dominated by an affirmative answer. Thank you very much for an inspiring, interesting and substantive answer. I am glad that the discussion is taking place and developing on this topic. Creating new eco-innovations in the field of energy and their implementation is an important element of the implementation of the principles of sustainable development, social environmental (ecological) responsibility, the implementation of the pro-ecological transformation of energy based on the development of renewable energy sources, etc., and also an important element of the pro-ecological transformation of the traditional brown economy into a sustainable one green economy / circular economy.

Thank you very much and best regards, Have a nice day,

All the best,

Stay healthy!

Dariusz Prokopowicz

In my opinion, the pro-ecological (environmental) awareness of the society is still too low. It is primarily the level of pro-ecological (environmental) awareness of the society that corresponds to a specific profile of consumer purchases. In addition, the scale of pro-ecological state intervention is also still too small in relation to the needs resulting from the scale of environmental pollution and progressive climate change, including the progressing global warming process. Moreover, the insufficient level of promoting the principles of sustainable development in the media.

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Dear Mr.Dariusz,.

Very good question.Development of all human fasilities are successed by devalopment of product that means devalopment of science and technology.Every where economic side is first cryteria.If people do not get more benifit. They will not buy a new product.Devolopment of product is short time work and less invest.Innovation is long term project and more invest.In pro - ecological sector several type of people can take part.Fund also available.But in innovation sector,only limited company and limited Government scientiest are working.One the other hand 90 % key man of decision maker are not science back ground.I hope,you understant the matter.

Because of the researchers' exhausted administrative routine.

I already post my observation.

Dear Isam Alkhalifawi,

You added an interesting point to our considerations. Yes, science is a particularly important factor that inspires the necessary reforms and process improvement, improvement of the implementation of the principles of sustainable development, etc. It is necessary to increase cooperation of scientific, business, non-governmental and political organizations, etc.

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz