I have seen in my experiments (orchids) that the rate of variability is much higher when i am germinating a orchid pod and then geeting the plantlets and afterwards extracting DNA from the raised plantlets.Similarly when i am doing it from invivo explants that much variability is not there.Suppose in case of seeed raised planmts the rate of variability is about 25% whereas in case of the explant raised it is around 5-6%.Again, when I am using these seed raised invitro plants to carry out experiments of tissue culture and when i am again doing the molecular analysis the genetic variability is around 7% to 8%.Why this is happening?any answers?
Remember that sexual reproduction itself is a source of genetic variability, even if plants are self-pollinators, due to crossing-over and recombination during the formation of gametes. It is usually expected that you get higher genetic variability when comparing plants coming from seeds with the mother plant (even more for cross-pollinators), than when you compare plants obtained through asexual reproduction.
Depending on the approach used for asexual propagation, plants obtained can be virtually identical (like in axillary bud proliferation), or they can show different degrees of variation due to the culture conditions or use of growth regulators. However, in general, this genetic variation is not as high as that obtained through sexual reproduction.
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