Or Guppy, for instance. But fish may not die in your polluted water (unless you already find them on the shores), but are affected sublethally. That's complicated to measure if you don't have the experience. More sensitive is Daphnia magna, when you can easily measure survival.

Well,

the table in the attached.

Regards

Thank you, Bayan Hussein!

It depends on which taxon you are interested in: microorganisms, plants, animals?

For animal species, molluscs are often used as bioindicators of pollution. Other species can also be used such as crustaceans and fish.

Viniciu, 1. Are you talking about marine or freshwater environments? 2. What is available in terms of lab, funds, time, trained personnel? 2. What is the target for protection? Natural waters/ecosystems, fisheries, other use? 3. How do you want to monitor: continuously or for a one time survey?

Each of these questions (there are more) have to be answered for you to know what test you should apply/install/develop. The list is huge, as you can see above. Only very few species may be fit for your situation.

Dear James, I thank you for your considerations, which made me think more. I intend to develop a unique research to evaluate the ecotoxicological potential of gas station effluents, today discharged into a river used by people in the region for recreational activities. As far as I was able to research, Danio rerio is a kind of potential use for work, in addition to being internationally standardized. However, its use requires a laboratory structure that I do not yet have available. I intend to develop an institutional partnership to carry out the study. I'm still maturing the idea. But thanks for the considerations!

Or Guppy, for instance. But fish may not die in your polluted water (unless you already find them on the shores), but are affected sublethally. That's complicated to measure if you don't have the experience. More sensitive is Daphnia magna, when you can easily measure survival.

I intend to use fish because the idea is to observe possible behavioral effects as well. Additionally, the idea is to integrate genetic assays, to observe possible mutations in the exposed organisms. I will probably develop chronic trials. Daphnia is a good option too. I will consider using. There is also Artemia salina, but it is not widely accepted in the scientific environment because it is not a standardized organism. So it is my last option.

This is a tricky question, any analysis should address the problem of that area. So for your context I feel you should go through the literature available and select the right organism. As insitu observations are worthy and will have more impact.

Best wishes

Deviram

Exactly, Deviram Garlapati

The idea has been matured through a bibliographic review that we are starting. But opinions from more experienced researchers in the field are always very welcome!

Thanks for the considerations!

Exactly Abderrahmane Zekhnini

Thank you!

You can try Eisenia foetida of the lumbricus family which had been used to test toxicity of compounds in the environment. Also Snail species especially the african giant snail with wide ecological range is being studied.

Thank you very much for the suggestions, B.W. Barau !

As we also intend to assess the interference of hydrocarbons in the soil, the species you have indicated may be considered for this purpose. We will include them in our bibliographic review. Would you know if they are internationally standardized?

Once again, thank you so much for your collaboration!

Do you recommend the use of Allium cepa?

Hi Viníciu! Acute and chronic tests with cladocerans (such as Daphnia) are good options for testing freshwater and groundwater, and eluates from sediments. In soil, enchytraeids and collembolans, besides plants (specially monocotiledoneous) are good options for ecotoxicity evaluations.

Thank you, Julia Niemeyer

I agree!

Hello, you can check this paper it might help:

R. Bamze Attoumani, A. de Vaufleury, N. Crini, N. Fatin-Rouge, Assessing natural clays of a contaminated site to stabilize and reduce the ecotoxicity of a coal tar, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 190 (2020). doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110081.

Thank you!

Dear Viníciu,

Interesting question. I feel like a lot of valid options have already been suggested in the comments section. There is indeed a plethora of suitable model organisms in ecotoxicology - spanning a wide range of taxa - each with their own advantages and disadvantages. As I read that you are primarily interested in fish, I would also recommend you to take a look at the turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri). The species is relatively new in ecotoxicology, and showed particular potential for examining chronic or multi-generational effects of pollutant-exposure because it is uniquely short-lived and has a very short generation time to vertebrate standards. This is especially relevant if you're dealing with pollutants that are persistent in the environment. The use of classic ecotoxicological endpoints (e.g., mortality) has been validated for the species, and also assessment of sub-lethal effects (e.g., behavioural alterations) is possible. (I mention this because you expressed your interest in behavioural observations).

In contrast to classic fish models such as zebrafish (Danio rerio), medaka (Oryzias latipes) and fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), there are currently no internationally standardised guidelines yet for testing of chemicals with N. furzeri. If the availability of such strict guidelines is a requirement for your project, then I would recommend to stick to the classics.

All the best,

Eli

Thank you!