Amended on 25 November 2016

It is a very interesting and attractive idea for me.     

Insulin should be produced from plant, since animals (cow and pig) may be rescued.   Is the role of plant insulin similar to mating hormone in fungi, since fungal insulin-degrading enzyme is named as the A-factor-processing enzyme?

By the way, the result of PDMD (protein-direct-microsequencing-deciphering) method has deeply baffled me; i.e., c.a. 40% (7/17) of our human and bovine specimens have contained the plant proteins. 

Cow’s milk has Alpha-Amylase type B isozyme (Hordeum vulgare; Barley) at 3.2 μg/mg of milk protein, although human milk does not have (proteins of yeast are present in both human and cow milk).   This gene or protein may due to cow's foodstuff.  Bovine milk has no biotinidase and ceruloplasmin.

Fetal liver cells (Hc) have richly plant proteins (total 27.3 μg/mg of cell protein; 1st amount among invaded proteins); i.e., Biotin synthetase (Arabidopsis thaliana; thale cress) at 3.0 μg/mg of cell protein and Isovaleryl-CoA dehydratase, mitochondrial (Arabidopsis thaliana) at 24.3 μg/mg of cell protein (please see file HepG2 Fucoidan).

Infl-BIN                     0.2 μg/mg of cell protein

Inf-Ceruloplasmin (from 214- of pre)           2.3 μg/mg of cell protein

Liver cirrhosis tissue (with leprosy; adult old female) has Genome polyprotein (Bean yellow mosaic virus; BYMV; plant virus; +ssRNA) at 1.5 μg/mg of tissue protein.   This old woman also has Nonstructural protein (Silk worm Denso virus; Bombyx mori densovirus; ssDNA) at 8.7, Wide host range VirA protein/WHR VirA (Agrobacterium tumefacienｓ) at 8.4, and Beta-Glucosidase/Gentiobiase (Agrobacterium tumefacienｓ) at 0.29 μg/mg of tissue protein, respectively.  18.9 This case may be due to contact with soil during agricultural work. 

Inf-BIN  0 μg/mg of cell protein

Inf-Ceruloplasmin (from 214-)   17.7 μg/mg of cell protein

Serum of healthy 4mo boy (at 13w of biotin therapy) has Putative endonuclease FLJ39025 (Cajanus cajan; pigeon pea) at 26.5 μg/mg of serum protein and Ras-related nuclear protein 1 (Solanum lycopersicum; tomato) at 9.7 μg/mg of serum protein (this is the top amount among invaded creatures in his serum; 36.2 μg/mg of serum protein or 3.6% of serum proteins).   Thus, infection of plants into humans such amount above 3% may not induce diseases unlike to the other  opportunistic infections.

Inf-BIN            1.9 μg/mg of cell protein

Inf-Ceruloplasmin (214-1065 of precursor)   0 μg/mg of cell protein

Serum of 1y girl (excess biotin; biotin therapy at 44w) has NAD(P)H oxidoreductase chain H, chloroplast (Arabidopsis thaliana; Mouse-ear cress) at 20.4 μg/mg of serum protein and 4-Diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol kinase, chloroplast (Arabdopsis thaliana) at 7.5 μg/mg of serum protein (this is also the top amount among invaded creatures; 27.9 μg/mg of serum protein or 2.8% of serum proteins). 

Inf-BIN        0 μg/mg of cell protein

Inf-Ceruloplasmin (214-1065 of precursor)                 2.6 μg/mg of cell protein

The serum of the same girl at 16w of biotin therapy has Genome polyprotein (Soybean mosaic virus; SMV; +ssRNA ) at 13.4 μg/mg of serum protein.  

Inf-BIN                                  0.68

Inf-Ceruloplasmin (214-1065 of precursor)                  3.8

The serum of the same girl before biotin therapy has no plant proteins.  0

Inf-BIN                              0 μg/mg of cell protein

Inf-Ceruloplasmin (214-1065 of precursor)                    2.5 μg/mg of cell protein

Serum of 3y girl (with GSD1b; before the biotin therapy) has 3-deoxy-8-phosphooctulonate synthase/KDO 8-P synthase (Pea; Pisum sativum) at 23.4 μg/mg of serum protein (this is the second amount among invaded creatures; 2.3% of serum proteins).     

Inf-BIN                     0 μg/mg of cell protein

Inf-Ceruloplasmin (214-1065 of precursor)                2.9 μg/mg of cell protein

It is noteworthy that these invations by plants into humans seem to be significantly correlated to inflammation or low immunity (opportunistic infection) as assessed by the inflammation marker of ceruloplasmin fragment (Inf-Ceruloplasmin; 214-1065) and fetal-infllamatory biotinidase (Inf-BIN) (see file; The Fascio effect).  

Inf-Ceruloplasmin is correlated with plant invation at p < 0.05 (n=7 pairs; Wilcoxon signed-rank test; two-tailed test), and Inf-BIN is also correlated at p < 0.01 (n=6 pairs;Wilcoxon signed-rank test; two-tailed test).   Reaction against the invation of plants seems to be similar to invations of other microbes (bacteria, virus, protozoa, yeast, and fungi).

Even the humans has frequently been invaded by plants via foodstuffs, the insect, which is eating plants, may be more strongly influenced from the plant genes.   Insulin made from plant may not br recognized as invading material to humans (since glyco-chains are not present).

Both animal insulin and plant insulin seems to be the hydrophobic membrane protein.   Animal pro-insulin is processed to become insulin by the protease in the beta cells in pancreas.   However, notorious signal hypothesis may not be true in plants and fungi; i.e., membrane proteins and gene-expression-regulating proteins usually have no signal peptide sequences..

By the way, animal and plant hormones may be ruled by virus.

Further, the original idea of induction of protein excretion from cellular nucleus and/or membrane into the blood has been presented by Dr. Ìvao Kusaka (my teacher; now Proffesor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; please see file, Dr. Kusaka Membrane).