Interpretive Semantics (or Textual Semantics) as developed by Francois Rastier (in France) offers the best methodology for this, in my opinion. Can you read in French? I'm not sure how much of his work has been translated to Russian.  Little has been translated to English, but a lot in Spanish.  

Here is an intro to his work (in English):

http://www.signosemio.com/rastier/index-en.asp

You can find a list of reference there too.

Interpretive Semantics integrates context at every level of analysis, from the micro-semantic level to the intertext.

Bill

Thank you. It is a shame for me, but I do not know Francois Rastier, and, of course, I consider his works. To tell you the truth, I can not read in French, but I try to find works in English. It is also hard to analyze in Spanish. Good chance to study Spanish.

Alexander

The semantic analysis becomes very useful in speech understanding systems. even it is related to speech recognition, may be you 'll find the following paper useful : 

"Using semantic analysis to improve speech recognition performance" by 

Hakan Erdogan, Ruhi Sarikaya, Stanley F. Chen, Yuqing Gao, Michael Picheny.

Could you provide a concrete example of the task you wish to undertake? That will help us respond to your question.

Alexander,

I just found out that Rastier's book Interpretive Semantics was translated into Russian in 2005.  That's the most important book to start with, so that's good news.

Sid-Ahmed Selouani,

Thank you for your reference. I was greatly surprised to see a lot of information about semantic analysis of mental units in that resource. It is not a secret that I prefer contextual analysis - lexemes, phrases. The goal is to find new meanings of languages units that are fixed in dictionaries.

Michael Young,

For example, the concept "Happy" from linguistic point of view: language means of expression, their functioning in context. What is the best way to analyze the language means on a certain concept (semantic category) and see logical structure of above-mentioned concept (concept "Happy" was taken only as the example)? I want to collect all the information about semantic field of one category.

William Carrasco,

Really good news. I found it in our internet book shop. Thank you for your interest and support. In case, you have additional information, share it with me, please.