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i want to dope titanium dioxide by sol gel methode with the use of titanium tetraisopropoxide and some of rare earth oxide as precursors with glacial acetic acid and water.

1) Are rare earth oxides (Nd2O3, Eu2O3...etc) soluble in glacial acetic acid? how can i ensure the solubilisation of Gd2O3 in acetic acid during synthesis .. i try to solubilise Gd2O3 (m=0.14g) in 8ml of acetic acid but the solution obtained is not clear???

2) wich analysis allows me to know if titanium dioxide is well doped by rare earth elements ??

3) is XRD analysis enough to detect the presence of rare earth in titanium dioxide.

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